Setup
Data preparation
## Warning in ifelse(as.numeric(as.character(structure(c(48L, 47L, 50L, 43L, :
## NAs introduced by coercion
## Warning in ifelse(as.numeric(as.character(structure(c(48L, 47L, 50L, 43L, :
## NAs introduced by coercion
## Warning in ifelse(as.numeric(as.character(structure(c(48L, 47L, 50L, 43L, :
## NAs introduced by coercion
## Warning in ifelse(as.numeric(as.character(structure(c(44L, 48L, 49L, 45L, :
## NAs introduced by coercion
## Warning in ifelse(as.numeric(as.character(structure(c(44L, 48L, 49L, 45L, :
## NAs introduced by coercion
## Warning in ifelse(as.numeric(as.character(structure(c(44L, 48L, 49L, 45L, :
## NAs introduced by coercion
## Warning in Ops.factor(d_clean_4[, i], 4): '-' not meaningful for factors
Data examination
## Warning: joining factors with different levels, coercing to character
## vector
## Warning: joining factors with different levels, coercing to character
## vector
## Warning: joining factor and character vector, coercing into character
## vector
## Warning: joining factor and character vector, coercing into character
## vector
## Warning: joining factor and character vector, coercing into character
## vector
## Warning: joining factor and character vector, coercing into character
## vector
Study 1 (2015-12-15, 2 conditions, between-subjects)
Demographics
## Warning in mutate_impl(.data, dots): NAs introduced by coercion
Study 1: Exclusion
| 14 |
19 |
15 |
0 |
48 |
405 |
453 |
Study 1: Sample size
| beetle |
200 |
| robot |
205 |
| all |
405 |
Study 1: Study duration (minutes)
| beetle |
0.77 |
119.12 |
2.77 |
3.92 |
8.50 |
| robot |
0.83 |
15.77 |
2.58 |
3.24 |
2.11 |
| all |
0.77 |
119.12 |
2.67 |
3.58 |
6.16 |
## Joining by: c("condition", "min_age", "max_age", "median_age", "mean_age", "sd_age")
## Warning: joining character vector and factor, coercing into character
## vector
Study 1: Participant age (years; approximate)
| beetle |
19 |
70 |
31 |
34.24 |
10.64 |
| robot |
20 |
75 |
32 |
35.11 |
11.20 |
| all |
19 |
75 |
32 |
34.68 |
10.92 |
Study 1: Participant gender
| beetle |
119 |
81 |
0 |
| robot |
121 |
82 |
2 |
| all |
240 |
163 |
2 |
Study 1: Participant race/ethnicity
| beetle |
20 |
0 |
6 |
8 |
9 |
1 |
11 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
142 |
| robot |
16 |
2 |
2 |
15 |
9 |
1 |
9 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
148 |
| all |
36 |
2 |
8 |
23 |
18 |
2 |
20 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
290 |
Study 1: Participant religion
| beetle |
3 |
81 |
2 |
2 |
4 |
0 |
101 |
3 |
4 |
| robot |
2 |
87 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
3 |
100 |
3 |
5 |
| all |
5 |
168 |
2 |
2 |
9 |
3 |
201 |
6 |
9 |
Exploratory factor analysis
EFA: BEETLE condition
Step 2: Run EFA without rotation
## Warning in cor.smooth(mat): Matrix was not positive definite, smoothing was
## done
## Factor Analysis using method = minres
## Call: fa(r = d1_beetle, nfactors = nfactors_d1_beetle, rotate = "none",
## fm = "minres", cor = "poly")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
## MR1 MR2 h2 u2 com
## happy 0.86 -0.10 0.75 0.249 1.0
## depressed 0.86 -0.31 0.84 0.157 1.3
## fear 0.69 0.32 0.58 0.419 1.4
## angry 0.79 -0.04 0.62 0.376 1.0
## calm 0.79 0.20 0.66 0.341 1.1
## sounds 0.38 0.58 0.47 0.525 1.7
## seeing 0.34 0.74 0.66 0.341 1.4
## temperature 0.40 0.70 0.65 0.350 1.6
## odors 0.41 0.57 0.50 0.500 1.8
## depth 0.50 0.40 0.41 0.590 1.9
## computations 0.63 -0.45 0.60 0.404 1.8
## thoughts 0.82 -0.07 0.68 0.320 1.0
## reasoning 0.84 -0.15 0.73 0.266 1.1
## remembering 0.67 0.24 0.51 0.490 1.2
## beliefs 0.76 -0.48 0.81 0.195 1.7
## hungry 0.38 0.78 0.76 0.237 1.5
## tired 0.66 0.41 0.60 0.403 1.7
## pain 0.54 0.61 0.67 0.326 2.0
## nauseated 0.82 0.05 0.68 0.322 1.0
## safe 0.70 0.23 0.54 0.458 1.2
## love 0.87 -0.27 0.82 0.178 1.2
## recognizing 0.76 -0.03 0.58 0.418 1.0
## communicating 0.61 0.20 0.42 0.584 1.2
## guilt 0.81 -0.47 0.88 0.119 1.6
## disrespected 0.81 -0.42 0.83 0.167 1.5
## free_will 0.68 0.17 0.49 0.512 1.1
## choices 0.67 0.36 0.58 0.419 1.5
## self_restraint 0.80 -0.19 0.68 0.323 1.1
## intentions 0.70 0.24 0.55 0.450 1.2
## goal 0.64 0.30 0.50 0.501 1.4
## conscious 0.73 0.16 0.56 0.437 1.1
## self_aware 0.75 0.00 0.56 0.438 1.0
## desires 0.73 0.14 0.56 0.444 1.1
## embarrassed 0.78 -0.55 0.91 0.091 1.8
## emo_recog 0.80 -0.42 0.83 0.174 1.5
## joy 0.88 -0.14 0.79 0.213 1.1
## morality 0.77 -0.38 0.74 0.262 1.5
## personality 0.82 -0.24 0.73 0.265 1.2
## pleasure 0.78 0.21 0.66 0.339 1.1
## pride 0.85 -0.40 0.88 0.120 1.4
##
## MR1 MR2
## SS loadings 20.64 5.64
## Proportion Var 0.52 0.14
## Cumulative Var 0.52 0.66
## Proportion Explained 0.79 0.21
## Cumulative Proportion 0.79 1.00
##
## Mean item complexity = 1.4
## Test of the hypothesis that 2 factors are sufficient.
##
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are 780 and the objective function was 69.39 with Chi Square of 12824.86
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 701 and the objective function was 31.95
##
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is 0.04
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is 0.05
##
## The harmonic number of observations is 200 with the empirical chi square 612.68 with prob < 0.99
## The total number of observations was 200 with MLE Chi Square = 5862.79 with prob < 0
##
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability = 0.519
## RMSEA index = 0.201 and the 90 % confidence intervals are 0.187 NA
## BIC = 2148.67
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 0.99
## Measures of factor score adequacy
## MR1 MR2
## Correlation of scores with factors 1 1
## Multiple R square of scores with factors 1 1
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores 1 1
Step 3: Run EFA with oblimin rotation
## Loading required namespace: GPArotation
## Factor Analysis using method = minres
## Call: fa(r = d1_beetle, nfactors = nfactors_d1_beetle, rotate = "oblimin",
## fm = "minres")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
## MR1 MR2 h2 u2 com
## happy 0.60 0.35 0.65 0.35 1.6
## depressed 0.82 0.08 0.73 0.27 1.0
## fear 0.15 0.64 0.50 0.50 1.1
## angry 0.50 0.36 0.53 0.47 1.8
## calm 0.30 0.59 0.58 0.42 1.5
## sounds -0.13 0.59 0.30 0.70 1.1
## seeing -0.26 0.70 0.41 0.59 1.3
## temperature -0.21 0.72 0.44 0.56 1.2
## odors -0.12 0.63 0.35 0.65 1.1
## depth 0.05 0.54 0.32 0.68 1.0
## computations 0.69 -0.11 0.43 0.57 1.0
## thoughts 0.53 0.39 0.60 0.40 1.8
## reasoning 0.67 0.25 0.64 0.36 1.3
## remembering 0.20 0.55 0.43 0.57 1.3
## beliefs 0.87 -0.12 0.69 0.31 1.0
## hungry -0.30 0.78 0.51 0.49 1.3
## tired 0.07 0.70 0.53 0.47 1.0
## pain -0.13 0.79 0.56 0.44 1.1
## nauseated 0.46 0.45 0.59 0.41 2.0
## safe 0.22 0.56 0.46 0.54 1.3
## love 0.80 0.11 0.72 0.28 1.0
## recognizing 0.48 0.35 0.49 0.51 1.8
## communicating 0.21 0.46 0.33 0.67 1.4
## guilt 0.89 -0.09 0.74 0.26 1.0
## disrespected 0.86 -0.04 0.71 0.29 1.0
## free_will 0.24 0.51 0.42 0.58 1.4
## choices 0.12 0.66 0.51 0.49 1.1
## self_restraint 0.63 0.23 0.56 0.44 1.3
## intentions 0.20 0.59 0.49 0.51 1.2
## goal 0.14 0.57 0.41 0.59 1.1
## conscious 0.29 0.53 0.49 0.51 1.5
## self_aware 0.42 0.42 0.49 0.51 2.0
## desires 0.31 0.51 0.48 0.52 1.7
## embarrassed 0.94 -0.20 0.78 0.22 1.1
## emo_recog 0.88 -0.05 0.74 0.26 1.0
## joy 0.67 0.30 0.69 0.31 1.4
## morality 0.78 -0.01 0.60 0.40 1.0
## personality 0.71 0.18 0.63 0.37 1.1
## pleasure 0.27 0.63 0.60 0.40 1.4
## pride 0.91 -0.03 0.81 0.19 1.0
##
## MR1 MR2
## SS loadings 12.23 9.73
## Proportion Var 0.31 0.24
## Cumulative Var 0.31 0.55
## Proportion Explained 0.56 0.44
## Cumulative Proportion 0.56 1.00
##
## With factor correlations of
## MR1 MR2
## MR1 1.0 0.4
## MR2 0.4 1.0
##
## Mean item complexity = 1.3
## Test of the hypothesis that 2 factors are sufficient.
##
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are 780 and the objective function was 33.83 with Chi Square of 6252.29
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 701 and the objective function was 6.46
##
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is 0.04
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is 0.04
##
## The harmonic number of observations is 200 with the empirical chi square 565.19 with prob < 1
## The total number of observations was 200 with MLE Chi Square = 1185.72 with prob < 1.7e-27
##
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability = 0.901
## RMSEA index = 0.065 and the 90 % confidence intervals are 0.053 NA
## BIC = -2528.4
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 0.99
## Measures of factor score adequacy
## MR1 MR2
## Correlation of scores with factors 0.99 0.97
## Multiple R square of scores with factors 0.97 0.95
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores 0.95 0.89
Factor 1
Study 1, BEETLE condition: Rotated Factor 1
| embarrassed |
0.9440523 |
| pride |
0.9081533 |
| guilt |
0.8906603 |
| emo_recog |
0.8782222 |
| beliefs |
0.8736313 |
| disrespected |
0.8566385 |
| depressed |
0.8240501 |
| love |
0.7994946 |
| morality |
0.7811438 |
| personality |
0.7089780 |
| computations |
0.6939023 |
| joy |
0.6695277 |
| reasoning |
0.6652942 |
| self_restraint |
0.6305370 |
| happy |
0.6034206 |
| thoughts |
0.5276238 |
| angry |
0.5021990 |
| recognizing |
0.4820272 |
| nauseated |
0.4634142 |
| self_aware |
0.4178148 |
| desires |
0.3107010 |
| calm |
0.3036958 |
| conscious |
0.2902389 |
| pleasure |
0.2676393 |
| free_will |
0.2449147 |
| safe |
0.2222686 |
| communicating |
0.2085438 |
| remembering |
0.2045590 |
| intentions |
0.2038521 |
| fear |
0.1453854 |
| goal |
0.1418002 |
| choices |
0.1187407 |
| tired |
0.0685213 |
| depth |
0.0458845 |
| odors |
-0.1191542 |
| sounds |
-0.1290391 |
| pain |
-0.1312234 |
| temperature |
-0.2136876 |
| seeing |
-0.2571438 |
| hungry |
-0.3005762 |
Factor 2
Study 1, BEETLE condition: Rotated Factor 2
| pain |
0.7926481 |
| hungry |
0.7752471 |
| temperature |
0.7170307 |
| tired |
0.6977625 |
| seeing |
0.6959057 |
| choices |
0.6580347 |
| fear |
0.6351036 |
| pleasure |
0.6283244 |
| odors |
0.6270289 |
| intentions |
0.5942473 |
| calm |
0.5879397 |
| sounds |
0.5857267 |
| goal |
0.5745682 |
| safe |
0.5627134 |
| remembering |
0.5500451 |
| depth |
0.5422707 |
| conscious |
0.5307070 |
| free_will |
0.5100530 |
| desires |
0.5099156 |
| communicating |
0.4623823 |
| nauseated |
0.4546992 |
| self_aware |
0.4206549 |
| thoughts |
0.3919741 |
| angry |
0.3616163 |
| recognizing |
0.3510067 |
| happy |
0.3465516 |
| joy |
0.2979975 |
| reasoning |
0.2510172 |
| self_restraint |
0.2287306 |
| personality |
0.1776459 |
| love |
0.1145687 |
| depressed |
0.0758815 |
| morality |
-0.0097803 |
| pride |
-0.0281165 |
| disrespected |
-0.0391258 |
| emo_recog |
-0.0511680 |
| guilt |
-0.0851762 |
| computations |
-0.1070958 |
| beliefs |
-0.1245751 |
| embarrassed |
-0.2021787 |
Factor 3 (not applicable)
EFA: ROBOT condition
Step 2: Run EFA without rotation
## The items do not have an equal number of response alternatives, global set to FALSE
## Factor Analysis using method = minres
## Call: fa(r = d1_robot, nfactors = nfactors_d1_robot, rotate = "none",
## fm = "minres", cor = "poly")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
## MR1 MR2 h2 u2 com
## happy 0.92 -0.01 0.85 0.15 1.0
## depressed 0.90 -0.11 0.82 0.18 1.0
## fear 0.89 -0.05 0.79 0.21 1.0
## angry 0.91 0.01 0.84 0.16 1.0
## calm 0.82 0.03 0.67 0.33 1.0
## sounds -0.29 0.69 0.56 0.44 1.3
## seeing 0.00 0.79 0.63 0.37 1.0
## temperature -0.17 0.76 0.61 0.39 1.1
## odors 0.17 0.56 0.34 0.66 1.2
## depth 0.07 0.70 0.50 0.50 1.0
## computations -0.48 0.62 0.62 0.38 1.9
## thoughts 0.77 0.15 0.61 0.39 1.1
## reasoning 0.39 0.60 0.51 0.49 1.7
## remembering -0.11 0.77 0.61 0.39 1.0
## beliefs 0.83 0.08 0.70 0.30 1.0
## hungry 0.89 -0.06 0.79 0.21 1.0
## tired 0.87 0.06 0.76 0.24 1.0
## pain 0.88 -0.04 0.77 0.23 1.0
## nauseated 0.88 -0.13 0.80 0.20 1.0
## safe 0.85 0.05 0.72 0.28 1.0
## love 0.92 -0.08 0.85 0.15 1.0
## recognizing 0.01 0.80 0.65 0.35 1.0
## communicating -0.03 0.71 0.50 0.50 1.0
## guilt 0.87 -0.09 0.76 0.24 1.0
## disrespected 0.86 -0.06 0.75 0.25 1.0
## free_will 0.88 0.10 0.78 0.22 1.0
## choices 0.16 0.67 0.47 0.53 1.1
## self_restraint 0.69 0.25 0.54 0.46 1.3
## intentions 0.64 0.24 0.47 0.53 1.3
## goal 0.02 0.70 0.49 0.51 1.0
## conscious 0.81 0.04 0.65 0.35 1.0
## self_aware 0.77 0.17 0.63 0.37 1.1
## desires 0.89 0.10 0.80 0.20 1.0
## embarrassed 0.90 -0.09 0.82 0.18 1.0
## emo_recog 0.71 0.32 0.61 0.39 1.4
## joy 0.93 0.00 0.86 0.14 1.0
## morality 0.65 0.30 0.51 0.49 1.4
## personality 0.72 0.31 0.61 0.39 1.4
## pleasure 0.90 -0.05 0.81 0.19 1.0
## pride 0.88 -0.04 0.77 0.23 1.0
##
## MR1 MR2
## SS loadings 20.36 6.48
## Proportion Var 0.51 0.16
## Cumulative Var 0.51 0.67
## Proportion Explained 0.76 0.24
## Cumulative Proportion 0.76 1.00
##
## Mean item complexity = 1.1
## Test of the hypothesis that 2 factors are sufficient.
##
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are 780 and the objective function was 45.84 with Chi Square of 8702.57
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 701 and the objective function was 5.26
##
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is 0.03
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is 0.03
##
## The harmonic number of observations is 205 with the empirical chi square 271.57 with prob < 1
## The total number of observations was 205 with MLE Chi Square = 991.44 with prob < 2.5e-12
##
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability = 0.959
## RMSEA index = 0.051 and the 90 % confidence intervals are 0.038 0.051
## BIC = -2739.99
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 1
## Measures of factor score adequacy
## MR1 MR2
## Correlation of scores with factors 0.99 0.97
## Multiple R square of scores with factors 0.99 0.94
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores 0.98 0.88
Step 3: Run EFA with oblimin rotation
## Factor Analysis using method = minres
## Call: fa(r = d1_robot, nfactors = nfactors_d1_robot, rotate = "oblimin",
## fm = "minres")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
## MR1 MR2 h2 u2 com
## happy 0.89 -0.02 0.78 0.22 1.0
## depressed 0.89 -0.11 0.76 0.24 1.0
## fear 0.92 -0.02 0.84 0.16 1.0
## angry 0.88 -0.01 0.77 0.23 1.0
## calm 0.61 0.13 0.42 0.58 1.1
## sounds -0.15 0.64 0.39 0.61 1.1
## seeing -0.02 0.73 0.53 0.47 1.0
## temperature -0.09 0.71 0.48 0.52 1.0
## odors 0.01 0.54 0.29 0.71 1.0
## depth 0.04 0.64 0.42 0.58 1.0
## computations -0.22 0.58 0.33 0.67 1.3
## thoughts 0.57 0.26 0.46 0.54 1.4
## reasoning 0.21 0.62 0.48 0.52 1.2
## remembering -0.04 0.70 0.49 0.51 1.0
## beliefs 0.70 0.13 0.54 0.46 1.1
## hungry 0.70 0.02 0.49 0.51 1.0
## tired 0.76 0.09 0.62 0.38 1.0
## pain 0.81 0.01 0.65 0.35 1.0
## nauseated 0.86 -0.13 0.71 0.29 1.0
## safe 0.74 0.08 0.57 0.43 1.0
## love 0.95 -0.06 0.88 0.12 1.0
## recognizing -0.04 0.79 0.62 0.38 1.0
## communicating 0.04 0.66 0.45 0.55 1.0
## guilt 0.81 -0.04 0.65 0.35 1.0
## disrespected 0.79 -0.04 0.61 0.39 1.0
## free_will 0.75 0.09 0.60 0.40 1.0
## choices 0.07 0.64 0.44 0.56 1.0
## self_restraint 0.39 0.36 0.34 0.66 2.0
## intentions 0.46 0.28 0.35 0.65 1.7
## goal 0.01 0.64 0.41 0.59 1.0
## conscious 0.66 0.09 0.47 0.53 1.0
## self_aware 0.59 0.23 0.46 0.54 1.3
## desires 0.75 0.08 0.59 0.41 1.0
## embarrassed 0.96 -0.10 0.90 0.10 1.0
## emo_recog 0.52 0.37 0.49 0.51 1.8
## joy 0.87 -0.02 0.75 0.25 1.0
## morality 0.44 0.37 0.41 0.59 1.9
## personality 0.53 0.39 0.52 0.48 1.8
## pleasure 0.95 -0.06 0.88 0.12 1.0
## pride 0.90 -0.03 0.79 0.21 1.0
##
## MR1 MR2
## SS loadings 16.30 6.33
## Proportion Var 0.41 0.16
## Cumulative Var 0.41 0.57
## Proportion Explained 0.72 0.28
## Cumulative Proportion 0.72 1.00
##
## With factor correlations of
## MR1 MR2
## MR1 1.00 0.21
## MR2 0.21 1.00
##
## Mean item complexity = 1.2
## Test of the hypothesis that 2 factors are sufficient.
##
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are 780 and the objective function was 39 with Chi Square of 7403.31
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 701 and the objective function was 8.85
##
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is 0.05
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is 0.05
##
## The harmonic number of observations is 205 with the empirical chi square 717.63 with prob < 0.32
## The total number of observations was 205 with MLE Chi Square = 1667.76 with prob < 1.6e-80
##
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability = 0.836
## RMSEA index = 0.088 and the 90 % confidence intervals are 0.077 NA
## BIC = -2063.67
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 0.99
## Measures of factor score adequacy
## MR1 MR2
## Correlation of scores with factors 1.00 0.97
## Multiple R square of scores with factors 0.99 0.94
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores 0.98 0.87
Factor 1
Study 1, ROBOT condition: Rotated Factor 1
| embarrassed |
0.9641037 |
| pleasure |
0.9472343 |
| love |
0.9468109 |
| fear |
0.9186321 |
| pride |
0.8961650 |
| happy |
0.8884707 |
| depressed |
0.8861983 |
| angry |
0.8801143 |
| joy |
0.8722513 |
| nauseated |
0.8587571 |
| guilt |
0.8137563 |
| pain |
0.8070472 |
| disrespected |
0.7866940 |
| tired |
0.7636259 |
| free_will |
0.7528521 |
| desires |
0.7489788 |
| safe |
0.7358679 |
| hungry |
0.6985322 |
| beliefs |
0.6973072 |
| conscious |
0.6566758 |
| calm |
0.6100252 |
| self_aware |
0.5905387 |
| thoughts |
0.5728410 |
| personality |
0.5299597 |
| emo_recog |
0.5173974 |
| intentions |
0.4623337 |
| morality |
0.4430973 |
| self_restraint |
0.3930128 |
| reasoning |
0.2074653 |
| choices |
0.0715817 |
| depth |
0.0418538 |
| communicating |
0.0404534 |
| goal |
0.0129035 |
| odors |
0.0087600 |
| seeing |
-0.0222526 |
| remembering |
-0.0392736 |
| recognizing |
-0.0431046 |
| temperature |
-0.0895492 |
| sounds |
-0.1470091 |
| computations |
-0.2151674 |
Factor 2
Study 1, ROBOT condition: Rotated Factor 2
| recognizing |
0.7937630 |
| seeing |
0.7316885 |
| temperature |
0.7069351 |
| remembering |
0.7047323 |
| communicating |
0.6634524 |
| choices |
0.6449227 |
| sounds |
0.6426030 |
| goal |
0.6389682 |
| depth |
0.6377965 |
| reasoning |
0.6208181 |
| computations |
0.5765235 |
| odors |
0.5351102 |
| personality |
0.3922183 |
| morality |
0.3720688 |
| emo_recog |
0.3695686 |
| self_restraint |
0.3567544 |
| intentions |
0.2826026 |
| thoughts |
0.2590255 |
| self_aware |
0.2300412 |
| beliefs |
0.1344118 |
| calm |
0.1272897 |
| conscious |
0.0910407 |
| tired |
0.0874804 |
| free_will |
0.0860418 |
| safe |
0.0814668 |
| desires |
0.0813625 |
| hungry |
0.0159091 |
| pain |
0.0088341 |
| angry |
-0.0103937 |
| joy |
-0.0181458 |
| fear |
-0.0223205 |
| happy |
-0.0223783 |
| pride |
-0.0321841 |
| guilt |
-0.0404905 |
| disrespected |
-0.0406588 |
| pleasure |
-0.0575347 |
| love |
-0.0579180 |
| embarrassed |
-0.1023760 |
| depressed |
-0.1136898 |
| nauseated |
-0.1340358 |
Factor 3 (not applicable)
EFA: ALL conditions
Step 2: Run EFA without rotation
## Warning in cor.smooth(mat): Matrix was not positive definite, smoothing was
## done
## Factor Analysis using method = minres
## Call: fa(r = d1_all, nfactors = nfactors_d1_all, rotate = "none", fm = "minres",
## cor = "poly")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
## MR1 MR2 MR3 h2 u2 com
## happy 0.91 -0.09 -0.08 0.85 0.155 1.0
## depressed 0.90 -0.03 -0.27 0.88 0.119 1.2
## fear 0.83 -0.36 0.21 0.86 0.136 1.5
## angry 0.88 -0.14 -0.04 0.79 0.207 1.1
## calm 0.85 -0.15 0.11 0.75 0.246 1.1
## sounds 0.13 0.55 0.54 0.61 0.395 2.1
## seeing 0.38 0.28 0.71 0.74 0.262 1.9
## temperature 0.25 0.46 0.66 0.71 0.290 2.1
## odors 0.46 0.10 0.60 0.58 0.418 2.0
## depth 0.32 0.54 0.40 0.55 0.450 2.5
## computations -0.27 0.88 -0.27 0.91 0.085 1.4
## thoughts 0.86 0.01 -0.04 0.74 0.264 1.0
## reasoning 0.52 0.65 -0.11 0.71 0.293 2.0
## remembering 0.17 0.80 0.18 0.69 0.305 1.2
## beliefs 0.76 0.23 -0.42 0.80 0.198 1.8
## hungry 0.68 -0.56 0.43 0.97 0.033 2.7
## tired 0.81 -0.34 0.28 0.84 0.157 1.6
## pain 0.75 -0.48 0.36 0.93 0.074 2.2
## nauseated 0.87 -0.21 0.05 0.81 0.186 1.1
## safe 0.83 -0.22 0.15 0.75 0.246 1.2
## love 0.91 0.01 -0.25 0.89 0.111 1.2
## recognizing 0.21 0.86 -0.02 0.79 0.208 1.1
## communicating 0.30 0.68 0.18 0.58 0.416 1.6
## guilt 0.85 0.03 -0.39 0.88 0.121 1.4
## disrespected 0.84 0.06 -0.36 0.84 0.160 1.4
## free_will 0.82 -0.27 0.13 0.77 0.232 1.3
## choices 0.51 0.41 0.34 0.55 0.451 2.7
## self_restraint 0.75 0.24 -0.13 0.63 0.366 1.3
## intentions 0.76 -0.02 0.13 0.60 0.402 1.1
## goal 0.37 0.55 0.30 0.54 0.464 2.4
## conscious 0.83 -0.22 0.13 0.75 0.251 1.2
## self_aware 0.82 -0.02 0.01 0.67 0.331 1.0
## desires 0.85 -0.21 0.11 0.78 0.223 1.2
## embarrassed 0.84 0.07 -0.45 0.91 0.087 1.6
## emo_recog 0.70 0.40 -0.33 0.76 0.235 2.1
## joy 0.92 -0.05 -0.12 0.86 0.141 1.0
## morality 0.60 0.47 -0.35 0.70 0.305 2.6
## personality 0.77 0.30 -0.21 0.73 0.271 1.5
## pleasure 0.88 -0.25 0.13 0.85 0.150 1.2
## pride 0.87 0.08 -0.35 0.89 0.112 1.3
##
## MR1 MR2 MR3
## SS loadings 20.38 6.18 3.89
## Proportion Var 0.51 0.15 0.10
## Cumulative Var 0.51 0.66 0.76
## Proportion Explained 0.67 0.20 0.13
## Cumulative Proportion 0.67 0.87 1.00
##
## Mean item complexity = 1.6
## Test of the hypothesis that 3 factors are sufficient.
##
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are 780 and the objective function was 96.01 with Chi Square of 37427.06
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 663 and the objective function was 46.82
##
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is 0.03
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is 0.03
##
## The harmonic number of observations is 405 with the empirical chi square 496.78 with prob < 1
## The total number of observations was 405 with MLE Chi Square = 18159.94 with prob < 0
##
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability = 0.435
## RMSEA index = 0.261 and the 90 % confidence intervals are 0.252 NA
## BIC = 14179.37
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 1
## Measures of factor score adequacy
## MR1 MR2 MR3
## Correlation of scores with factors 1 1 1
## Multiple R square of scores with factors 1 1 1
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores 1 1 1
Step 3: Run EFA with oblimin rotation
## Factor Analysis using method = minres
## Call: fa(r = d1_all, nfactors = nfactors_d1_all, rotate = "oblimin",
## fm = "minres")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
## MR1 MR2 MR3 h2 u2 com
## happy 0.64 0.37 0.04 0.74 0.26 1.6
## depressed 0.82 0.15 -0.06 0.75 0.25 1.1
## fear 0.20 0.77 0.05 0.76 0.24 1.2
## angry 0.55 0.43 0.03 0.67 0.33 1.9
## calm 0.35 0.55 0.15 0.62 0.38 1.9
## sounds -0.18 0.07 0.64 0.38 0.62 1.2
## seeing -0.25 0.39 0.66 0.51 0.49 2.0
## temperature -0.23 0.23 0.70 0.48 0.52 1.4
## odors -0.15 0.47 0.47 0.39 0.61 2.2
## depth -0.02 0.07 0.63 0.40 0.60 1.0
## computations 0.21 -0.83 0.41 0.78 0.22 1.6
## thoughts 0.51 0.35 0.18 0.61 0.39 2.1
## reasoning 0.41 -0.21 0.53 0.55 0.45 2.2
## remembering 0.06 -0.26 0.73 0.59 0.41 1.3
## beliefs 0.80 -0.12 0.03 0.60 0.40 1.0
## hungry -0.08 0.96 -0.06 0.87 0.13 1.0
## tired 0.15 0.79 0.10 0.76 0.24 1.1
## pain 0.01 0.93 0.02 0.87 0.13 1.0
## nauseated 0.46 0.52 0.05 0.68 0.32 2.0
## safe 0.30 0.61 0.11 0.63 0.37 1.5
## love 0.84 0.13 -0.03 0.79 0.21 1.1
## recognizing 0.21 -0.39 0.69 0.67 0.33 1.8
## communicating 0.08 -0.09 0.65 0.46 0.54 1.1
## guilt 0.85 0.03 -0.08 0.70 0.30 1.0
## disrespected 0.83 0.03 -0.05 0.68 0.32 1.0
## free_will 0.31 0.61 0.07 0.63 0.37 1.5
## choices 0.05 0.20 0.62 0.46 0.54 1.2
## self_restraint 0.51 0.08 0.26 0.45 0.55 1.5
## intentions 0.27 0.45 0.25 0.48 0.52 2.3
## goal 0.04 0.04 0.63 0.42 0.58 1.0
## conscious 0.30 0.62 0.11 0.64 0.36 1.5
## self_aware 0.43 0.39 0.18 0.55 0.45 2.3
## desires 0.34 0.60 0.09 0.66 0.34 1.6
## embarrassed 0.92 -0.06 -0.12 0.76 0.24 1.0
## emo_recog 0.71 -0.16 0.21 0.58 0.42 1.3
## joy 0.69 0.31 0.03 0.76 0.24 1.4
## morality 0.60 -0.23 0.26 0.47 0.53 1.7
## personality 0.64 0.03 0.24 0.58 0.42 1.3
## pleasure 0.37 0.63 0.09 0.74 0.26 1.6
## pride 0.89 0.03 -0.05 0.80 0.20 1.0
##
## MR1 MR2 MR3
## SS loadings 10.74 8.75 5.42
## Proportion Var 0.27 0.22 0.14
## Cumulative Var 0.27 0.49 0.62
## Proportion Explained 0.43 0.35 0.22
## Cumulative Proportion 0.43 0.78 1.00
##
## With factor correlations of
## MR1 MR2 MR3
## MR1 1.00 0.37 0.31
## MR2 0.37 1.00 0.07
## MR3 0.31 0.07 1.00
##
## Mean item complexity = 1.5
## Test of the hypothesis that 3 factors are sufficient.
##
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are 780 and the objective function was 36.39 with Chi Square of 14185
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 663 and the objective function was 3.81
##
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is 0.03
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is 0.03
##
## The harmonic number of observations is 405 with the empirical chi square 500.89 with prob < 1
## The total number of observations was 405 with MLE Chi Square = 1475.92 with prob < 8.7e-64
##
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability = 0.928
## RMSEA index = 0.057 and the 90 % confidence intervals are 0.051 0.059
## BIC = -2504.66
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 1
## Measures of factor score adequacy
## MR1 MR2 MR3
## Correlation of scores with factors 0.98 0.98 0.96
## Multiple R square of scores with factors 0.97 0.97 0.92
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores 0.94 0.94 0.83
Factor 1
Study 1, ALL conditions: Rotated Factor 1
| embarrassed |
0.9228937 |
| pride |
0.8945059 |
| guilt |
0.8484749 |
| love |
0.8417446 |
| disrespected |
0.8264310 |
| depressed |
0.8156898 |
| beliefs |
0.7980020 |
| emo_recog |
0.7113350 |
| joy |
0.6932942 |
| personality |
0.6376583 |
| happy |
0.6369713 |
| morality |
0.6021238 |
| angry |
0.5508657 |
| self_restraint |
0.5130066 |
| thoughts |
0.5054220 |
| nauseated |
0.4582169 |
| self_aware |
0.4305748 |
| reasoning |
0.4070638 |
| pleasure |
0.3670847 |
| calm |
0.3484908 |
| desires |
0.3421277 |
| free_will |
0.3070096 |
| conscious |
0.2982672 |
| safe |
0.2982458 |
| intentions |
0.2662791 |
| recognizing |
0.2091420 |
| computations |
0.2053265 |
| fear |
0.2040970 |
| tired |
0.1452956 |
| communicating |
0.0848910 |
| remembering |
0.0558812 |
| choices |
0.0484128 |
| goal |
0.0442204 |
| pain |
0.0099079 |
| depth |
-0.0240432 |
| hungry |
-0.0776165 |
| odors |
-0.1526497 |
| sounds |
-0.1841127 |
| temperature |
-0.2295365 |
| seeing |
-0.2483799 |
Factor 2
Study 1, ALL conditions: Rotated Factor 2
| hungry |
0.9588119 |
| pain |
0.9271916 |
| tired |
0.7888848 |
| fear |
0.7652879 |
| pleasure |
0.6345984 |
| conscious |
0.6153394 |
| free_will |
0.6120139 |
| safe |
0.6081339 |
| desires |
0.5955359 |
| calm |
0.5456005 |
| nauseated |
0.5203679 |
| odors |
0.4671979 |
| intentions |
0.4473883 |
| angry |
0.4267135 |
| seeing |
0.3932155 |
| self_aware |
0.3899387 |
| happy |
0.3736663 |
| thoughts |
0.3517709 |
| joy |
0.3145155 |
| temperature |
0.2316157 |
| choices |
0.1951185 |
| depressed |
0.1490315 |
| love |
0.1340875 |
| self_restraint |
0.0789698 |
| depth |
0.0736936 |
| sounds |
0.0701252 |
| goal |
0.0355477 |
| pride |
0.0340212 |
| personality |
0.0330797 |
| disrespected |
0.0265947 |
| guilt |
0.0265457 |
| embarrassed |
-0.0613526 |
| communicating |
-0.0884732 |
| beliefs |
-0.1203219 |
| emo_recog |
-0.1550780 |
| reasoning |
-0.2119770 |
| morality |
-0.2263495 |
| remembering |
-0.2622649 |
| recognizing |
-0.3909548 |
| computations |
-0.8289663 |
Factor 3
Study 1, ALL conditions: Rotated Factor 3
| remembering |
0.7278710 |
| temperature |
0.7023329 |
| recognizing |
0.6896204 |
| seeing |
0.6559154 |
| communicating |
0.6533678 |
| sounds |
0.6438999 |
| depth |
0.6339327 |
| goal |
0.6326415 |
| choices |
0.6152179 |
| reasoning |
0.5296171 |
| odors |
0.4656534 |
| computations |
0.4076095 |
| self_restraint |
0.2588627 |
| morality |
0.2563432 |
| intentions |
0.2543466 |
| personality |
0.2449917 |
| emo_recog |
0.2097829 |
| self_aware |
0.1804555 |
| thoughts |
0.1793403 |
| calm |
0.1493519 |
| safe |
0.1088986 |
| conscious |
0.1051998 |
| tired |
0.0963354 |
| desires |
0.0896815 |
| pleasure |
0.0879222 |
| free_will |
0.0708412 |
| fear |
0.0531607 |
| nauseated |
0.0503223 |
| happy |
0.0359296 |
| beliefs |
0.0348745 |
| joy |
0.0326060 |
| angry |
0.0285722 |
| pain |
0.0227799 |
| love |
-0.0323704 |
| pride |
-0.0472171 |
| disrespected |
-0.0529288 |
| hungry |
-0.0565903 |
| depressed |
-0.0573755 |
| guilt |
-0.0782081 |
| embarrassed |
-0.1173760 |
Predict latent variable structure for CFA in follow-up studies
ModelDD: Data-driven, three factors (MR1, MR2, MR3; see Study 1)
## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds
## Warning in lav_samplestats_from_data(lavdata = lavdata, missing = lavoptions$missing, : lavaan WARNING: number of observations (405) too small to compute Gamma
## lavaan (0.5-20) converged normally after 67 iterations
##
## Number of observations 405
##
## Estimator DWLS Robust
## Minimum Function Test Statistic 5219.456 4902.384
## Degrees of freedom 737 737
## P-value (Chi-square) 0.000 0.000
## Scaling correction factor 1.189
## Shift parameter 514.155
## for simple second-order correction (Mplus variant)
##
## Model test baseline model:
##
## Minimum Function Test Statistic 43926.074 5403.672
## Degrees of freedom 780 780
## P-value 0.000 0.000
##
## User model versus baseline model:
##
## Comparative Fit Index (CFI) 0.896 0.099
## Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) 0.890 0.047
##
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
##
## RMSEA 0.123 0.118
## 90 Percent Confidence Interval 0.120 0.126 0.115 0.121
## P-value RMSEA <= 0.05 0.000 0.000
##
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
##
## SRMR 0.121 0.121
##
## Parameter Estimates:
##
## Information Expected
## Standard Errors Robust.sem
##
## Latent Variables:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## MR1 =~
## embarrassed 1.000
## pride 1.360 0.116 11.768 0.000
## guilt 1.017 0.086 11.887 0.000
## love 1.631 0.141 11.536 0.000
## disrespected 1.134 0.089 12.701 0.000
## depressed 1.401 0.130 10.815 0.000
## beliefs 1.097 0.081 13.609 0.000
## emo_recog 1.269 0.100 12.745 0.000
## joy 1.970 0.217 9.098 0.000
## personality 1.591 0.154 10.343 0.000
## happy 1.975 0.218 9.042 0.000
## morality 1.026 0.098 10.422 0.000
## angry 1.959 0.215 9.091 0.000
## self_restraint 1.493 0.163 9.158 0.000
## thoughts 2.023 0.236 8.567 0.000
## self_aware 1.934 0.219 8.817 0.000
## MR2 =~
## hungry 1.000
## pain 1.020 0.033 31.220 0.000
## tired 0.960 0.037 26.231 0.000
## fear 1.018 0.043 23.669 0.000
## pleasure 0.912 0.045 20.230 0.000
## conscious 0.905 0.047 19.403 0.000
## free_will 0.907 0.047 19.468 0.000
## safe 0.903 0.046 19.826 0.000
## desires 0.910 0.046 19.984 0.000
## calm 0.872 0.043 20.072 0.000
## nauseated 0.710 0.047 15.241 0.000
## odors 0.487 0.046 10.502 0.000
## intentions 0.807 0.045 17.981 0.000
## MR3 =~
## remembering 1.000
## temperature 0.913 0.131 6.967 0.000
## recognizing 1.099 0.126 8.706 0.000
## seeing 1.172 0.163 7.206 0.000
## communicating 1.154 0.151 7.630 0.000
## sounds 0.610 0.108 5.660 0.000
## depth 1.258 0.153 8.243 0.000
## goal 1.379 0.163 8.471 0.000
## choices 1.592 0.187 8.517 0.000
## reasoning 1.426 0.169 8.451 0.000
## computations -0.251 0.183 -1.373 0.170
##
## Covariances:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## MR1 ~~
## MR2 1.053 0.137 7.699 0.000
## MR3 0.330 0.068 4.842 0.000
## MR2 ~~
## MR3 0.646 0.122 5.282 0.000
##
## Intercepts:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## embarrassed -2.496 0.058 -43.269 0.000
## pride -2.306 0.066 -34.916 0.000
## guilt -2.504 0.055 -45.918 0.000
## love -2.215 0.074 -30.022 0.000
## disrespected -2.400 0.061 -39.544 0.000
## depressed -2.328 0.066 -35.220 0.000
## beliefs -2.286 0.067 -33.985 0.000
## emo_recog -1.953 0.077 -25.230 0.000
## joy -1.958 0.083 -23.719 0.000
## personality -1.726 0.081 -21.330 0.000
## happy -1.906 0.083 -23.068 0.000
## morality -1.951 0.078 -25.008 0.000
## angry -1.822 0.086 -21.153 0.000
## self_restraint -1.773 0.083 -21.391 0.000
## thoughts -1.546 0.089 -17.330 0.000
## self_aware -1.553 0.090 -17.322 0.000
## hungry -0.430 0.130 -3.292 0.001
## pain -0.785 0.118 -6.657 0.000
## tired -1.146 0.106 -10.807 0.000
## fear -1.165 0.111 -10.528 0.000
## pleasure -1.556 0.094 -16.549 0.000
## conscious -1.279 0.101 -12.707 0.000
## free_will -1.328 0.102 -13.003 0.000
## safe -1.328 0.101 -13.167 0.000
## desires -1.417 0.099 -14.321 0.000
## calm -1.442 0.096 -15.042 0.000
## nauseated -2.012 0.077 -26.037 0.000
## odors 0.425 0.105 4.057 0.000
## intentions -0.928 0.101 -9.165 0.000
## remembering 0.472 0.104 4.551 0.000
## temperature 1.356 0.087 15.510 0.000
## recognizing -0.240 0.105 -2.282 0.022
## seeing 1.210 0.096 12.658 0.000
## communicating 0.709 0.094 7.509 0.000
## sounds 1.600 0.080 19.899 0.000
## depth 0.252 0.104 2.413 0.016
## goal 0.291 0.105 2.786 0.005
## choices 0.207 0.099 2.091 0.037
## reasoning -1.131 0.098 -11.589 0.000
## computations 0.086 0.131 0.657 0.511
## MR1 0.000
## MR2 0.000
## MR3 0.000
##
## Variances:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## embarrassed 0.777 0.102 7.608 0.000
## pride 0.712 0.078 9.174 0.000
## guilt 0.614 0.084 7.338 0.000
## love 0.688 0.092 7.475 0.000
## disrespected 0.757 0.113 6.693 0.000
## depressed 0.651 0.090 7.255 0.000
## beliefs 1.144 0.134 8.537 0.000
## emo_recog 1.506 0.158 9.515 0.000
## joy 0.548 0.078 7.033 0.000
## personality 1.207 0.137 8.824 0.000
## happy 0.543 0.085 6.364 0.000
## morality 1.860 0.190 9.796 0.000
## angry 0.819 0.111 7.350 0.000
## self_restraint 1.509 0.187 8.068 0.000
## thoughts 0.889 0.127 7.005 0.000
## self_aware 1.122 0.159 7.058 0.000
## hungry 3.434 0.263 13.083 0.000
## pain 2.035 0.182 11.182 0.000
## tired 1.368 0.153 8.950 0.000
## fear 1.378 0.162 8.524 0.000
## pleasure 0.702 0.099 7.123 0.000
## conscious 1.271 0.172 7.410 0.000
## free_will 1.384 0.185 7.483 0.000
## safe 1.304 0.179 7.307 0.000
## desires 1.105 0.140 7.902 0.000
## calm 1.092 0.152 7.181 0.000
## nauseated 0.678 0.082 8.311 0.000
## odors 3.610 0.182 19.843 0.000
## intentions 1.901 0.192 9.884 0.000
## remembering 3.244 0.220 14.775 0.000
## temperature 2.173 0.163 13.354 0.000
## recognizing 3.128 0.233 13.441 0.000
## seeing 2.188 0.219 9.967 0.000
## communicating 2.139 0.243 8.815 0.000
## sounds 2.204 0.174 12.654 0.000
## depth 2.671 0.229 11.643 0.000
## goal 2.337 0.240 9.743 0.000
## choices 1.203 0.273 4.405 0.000
## reasoning 1.619 0.252 6.431 0.000
## computations 6.916 0.188 36.861 0.000
## MR1 0.568 0.137 4.159 0.000
## MR2 3.445 0.284 12.133 0.000
## MR3 1.095 0.239 4.589 0.000
ModelWDM: Theoretical, three factors (AFFECT, AUTONOMY, PERCEPTION; see Weisman et al., 2015)
## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds
## lavaan (0.5-20) converged normally after 49 iterations
##
## Number of observations 405
##
## Estimator DWLS Robust
## Minimum Function Test Statistic 405.643 708.780
## Degrees of freedom 101 101
## P-value (Chi-square) 0.000 0.000
## Scaling correction factor 0.607
## Shift parameter 40.513
## for simple second-order correction (Mplus variant)
##
## Model test baseline model:
##
## Minimum Function Test Statistic 6396.176 1807.620
## Degrees of freedom 120 120
## P-value 0.000 0.000
##
## User model versus baseline model:
##
## Comparative Fit Index (CFI) 0.951 0.640
## Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) 0.942 0.572
##
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
##
## RMSEA 0.086 0.122
## 90 Percent Confidence Interval 0.078 0.095 0.114 0.131
## P-value RMSEA <= 0.05 0.000 0.000
##
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
##
## SRMR 0.086 0.086
##
## Parameter Estimates:
##
## Information Expected
## Standard Errors Robust.sem
##
## Latent Variables:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## affect =~
## happy 1.000
## depressed 0.668 0.049 13.623 0.000
## fear 1.256 0.078 16.070 0.000
## angry 1.001 0.058 17.123 0.000
## calm 1.143 0.064 17.976 0.000
## joy 0.973 0.041 23.827 0.000
## perception =~
## sounds 1.000
## seeing 1.789 0.249 7.177 0.000
## temperature 1.423 0.185 7.682 0.000
## odors 2.018 0.274 7.354 0.000
## depth 1.593 0.226 7.055 0.000
## autonomy =~
## free_will 1.000
## choices 0.681 0.058 11.681 0.000
## self_restraint 0.656 0.060 10.922 0.000
## intentions 0.964 0.055 17.613 0.000
## goal 0.572 0.064 8.978 0.000
##
## Covariances:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## affect ~~
## perception 0.402 0.082 4.876 0.000
## autonomy 1.878 0.195 9.627 0.000
## perception ~~
## autonomy 0.730 0.121 6.043 0.000
##
## Intercepts:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## happy -1.906 0.083 -23.068 0.000
## depressed -2.328 0.066 -35.220 0.000
## fear -1.165 0.111 -10.528 0.000
## angry -1.822 0.086 -21.153 0.000
## calm -1.442 0.096 -15.042 0.000
## joy -1.958 0.083 -23.719 0.000
## sounds 1.600 0.080 19.899 0.000
## seeing 1.210 0.096 12.658 0.000
## temperature 1.356 0.087 15.510 0.000
## odors 0.425 0.105 4.057 0.000
## depth 0.252 0.104 2.413 0.016
## free_will -1.328 0.102 -13.003 0.000
## choices 0.207 0.099 2.091 0.037
## self_restraint -1.773 0.083 -21.391 0.000
## intentions -0.928 0.101 -9.165 0.000
## goal 0.291 0.105 2.786 0.005
## affect 0.000
## perception 0.000
## autonomy 0.000
##
## Variances:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## happy 0.766 0.110 6.946 0.000
## depressed 0.876 0.114 7.673 0.000
## fear 1.805 0.220 8.206 0.000
## angry 1.000 0.120 8.324 0.000
## calm 1.108 0.159 6.954 0.000
## joy 0.866 0.106 8.196 0.000
## sounds 1.956 0.165 11.853 0.000
## seeing 1.592 0.213 7.487 0.000
## temperature 1.758 0.163 10.811 0.000
## odors 1.756 0.262 6.704 0.000
## depth 2.737 0.256 10.670 0.000
## free_will 1.746 0.200 8.732 0.000
## choices 2.831 0.172 16.484 0.000
## self_restraint 1.712 0.174 9.864 0.000
## intentions 1.851 0.185 10.031 0.000
## goal 3.612 0.185 19.568 0.000
## affect 1.992 0.232 8.604 0.000
## perception 0.656 0.168 3.897 0.000
## autonomy 2.470 0.254 9.717 0.000
ModelGGW: Theoretical, two factors (AGENCY, EXPERIENCE; see Gray et al., 2007)
## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds
## lavaan (0.5-20) converged normally after 49 iterations
##
## Number of observations 405
##
## Estimator DWLS Robust
## Minimum Function Test Statistic 1077.793 1598.907
## Degrees of freedom 134 134
## P-value (Chi-square) 0.000 0.000
## Scaling correction factor 0.706
## Shift parameter 71.318
## for simple second-order correction (Mplus variant)
##
## Model test baseline model:
##
## Minimum Function Test Statistic 10345.481 2243.028
## Degrees of freedom 153 153
## P-value 0.000 0.000
##
## User model versus baseline model:
##
## Comparative Fit Index (CFI) 0.907 0.299
## Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) 0.894 0.200
##
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
##
## RMSEA 0.132 0.164
## 90 Percent Confidence Interval 0.125 0.139 0.157 0.172
## P-value RMSEA <= 0.05 0.000 0.000
##
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
##
## SRMR 0.133 0.133
##
## Parameter Estimates:
##
## Information Expected
## Standard Errors Robust.sem
##
## Latent Variables:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## experience =~
## hungry 1.000
## fear 1.026 0.046 22.263 0.000
## pain 1.036 0.037 28.037 0.000
## pleasure 0.916 0.047 19.308 0.000
## angry 0.780 0.052 15.076 0.000
## desires 0.922 0.048 19.180 0.000
## personality 0.568 0.054 10.505 0.000
## conscious 0.904 0.049 18.390 0.000
## pride 0.501 0.055 9.176 0.000
## embarrassed 0.368 0.053 6.998 0.000
## joy 0.753 0.054 14.062 0.000
## agency =~
## self_restraint 1.000
## morality 0.649 0.074 8.730 0.000
## remembering 0.333 0.086 3.890 0.000
## emo_recog 0.817 0.074 10.981 0.000
## goal 0.671 0.091 7.353 0.000
## communicating 0.542 0.082 6.639 0.000
## thoughts 1.395 0.108 12.930 0.000
##
## Covariances:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## experience ~~
## agency 1.493 0.158 9.461 0.000
##
## Intercepts:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## hungry -0.430 0.130 -3.292 0.001
## fear -1.165 0.111 -10.528 0.000
## pain -0.785 0.118 -6.657 0.000
## pleasure -1.556 0.094 -16.549 0.000
## angry -1.822 0.086 -21.153 0.000
## desires -1.417 0.099 -14.321 0.000
## personality -1.726 0.081 -21.330 0.000
## conscious -1.279 0.101 -12.707 0.000
## pride -2.306 0.066 -34.916 0.000
## embarrassed -2.496 0.058 -43.269 0.000
## joy -1.958 0.083 -23.719 0.000
## self_restraint -1.773 0.083 -21.391 0.000
## morality -1.951 0.078 -25.008 0.000
## remembering 0.472 0.104 4.551 0.000
## emo_recog -1.953 0.077 -25.230 0.000
## goal 0.291 0.105 2.786 0.005
## communicating 0.709 0.094 7.509 0.000
## thoughts -1.546 0.089 -17.330 0.000
## experience 0.000
## agency 0.000
##
## Variances:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## hungry 3.627 0.280 12.944 0.000
## fear 1.525 0.159 9.569 0.000
## pain 2.129 0.180 11.804 0.000
## pleasure 0.843 0.098 8.593 0.000
## angry 1.021 0.106 9.594 0.000
## desires 1.194 0.136 8.801 0.000
## personality 1.594 0.150 10.599 0.000
## conscious 1.435 0.170 8.429 0.000
## pride 0.946 0.096 9.898 0.000
## embarrassed 0.905 0.123 7.335 0.000
## joy 0.910 0.098 9.325 0.000
## self_restraint 1.166 0.192 6.065 0.000
## morality 1.779 0.197 9.023 0.000
## remembering 4.161 0.178 23.331 0.000
## emo_recog 1.347 0.163 8.247 0.000
## goal 3.695 0.192 19.258 0.000
## communicating 3.125 0.189 16.513 0.000
## thoughts 0.085 0.201 0.424 0.671
## experience 3.253 0.295 11.024 0.000
## agency 1.609 0.205 7.842 0.000
Study 2 (2016-01-12, 2 conditions, between-subjects - REPLICATION)
Demographics
## Warning in mutate_impl(.data, dots): NAs introduced by coercion
Study 1: Exclusion
| 14 |
19 |
15 |
0 |
48 |
405 |
453 |
Study 2: Sample size
| beetle |
202 |
| robot |
204 |
| all |
406 |
Study 2: Study duration (minutes)
| beetle |
0.92 |
28.95 |
2.69 |
3.54 |
3.17 |
| robot |
1.00 |
16.72 |
2.52 |
3.18 |
2.17 |
| all |
0.92 |
28.95 |
2.63 |
3.36 |
2.72 |
## Joining by: c("condition", "min_age", "max_age", "median_age", "mean_age", "sd_age")
## Warning: joining character vector and factor, coercing into character
## vector
Study 2: Participant age (years; approximate)
| beetle |
20 |
70 |
32 |
34.95 |
10.99 |
| robot |
20 |
70 |
33 |
35.60 |
10.92 |
| all |
20 |
70 |
33 |
35.28 |
10.95 |
Study 2: Participant gender
| beetle |
93 |
108 |
1 |
| robot |
106 |
97 |
1 |
| all |
199 |
205 |
2 |
Study 2: Participant race/ethnicity
| beetle |
8 |
7 |
12 |
11 |
0 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
159 |
| robot |
14 |
1 |
14 |
10 |
1 |
5 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
155 |
| all |
22 |
8 |
26 |
21 |
1 |
8 |
2 |
3 |
1 |
314 |
Study 2: Participant religion
| beetle |
6 |
80 |
1 |
3 |
5 |
1 |
95 |
6 |
5 |
| robot |
3 |
85 |
0 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
105 |
4 |
2 |
| all |
9 |
165 |
1 |
5 |
7 |
2 |
200 |
10 |
7 |
Exploratory factor analysis
EFA: BEETLE condition
Step 2: Run EFA without rotation
## The items do not have an equal number of response alternatives, global set to FALSE
## Factor Analysis using method = minres
## Call: fa(r = d2_beetle, nfactors = nfactors_d2_beetle, rotate = "none",
## fm = "minres", cor = "poly")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
## MR1 MR2 h2 u2 com
## happy 0.83 0.05 0.69 0.31 1.0
## depressed 0.81 -0.22 0.70 0.30 1.1
## fear 0.52 0.50 0.52 0.48 2.0
## angry 0.70 0.07 0.49 0.51 1.0
## calm 0.72 0.27 0.59 0.41 1.3
## sounds 0.28 0.71 0.58 0.42 1.3
## seeing 0.19 0.75 0.60 0.40 1.1
## temperature 0.12 0.71 0.52 0.48 1.1
## odors 0.20 0.69 0.52 0.48 1.2
## depth 0.39 0.38 0.29 0.71 2.0
## computations 0.62 -0.30 0.48 0.52 1.5
## thoughts 0.75 0.12 0.58 0.42 1.0
## reasoning 0.71 -0.11 0.52 0.48 1.0
## remembering 0.57 0.30 0.42 0.58 1.5
## beliefs 0.67 -0.38 0.60 0.40 1.6
## hungry -0.02 0.75 0.57 0.43 1.0
## tired 0.48 0.54 0.53 0.47 2.0
## pain 0.32 0.64 0.52 0.48 1.5
## nauseated 0.67 0.07 0.46 0.54 1.0
## safe 0.59 0.37 0.49 0.51 1.7
## love 0.79 -0.23 0.68 0.32 1.2
## recognizing 0.70 0.05 0.50 0.50 1.0
## communicating 0.45 0.55 0.51 0.49 1.9
## guilt 0.73 -0.46 0.74 0.26 1.7
## disrespected 0.72 -0.40 0.68 0.32 1.6
## free_will 0.48 0.43 0.41 0.59 2.0
## choices 0.54 0.50 0.54 0.46 2.0
## self_restraint 0.74 -0.21 0.59 0.41 1.2
## intentions 0.51 0.46 0.47 0.53 2.0
## goal 0.46 0.50 0.46 0.54 2.0
## conscious 0.49 0.46 0.45 0.55 2.0
## self_aware 0.73 0.11 0.54 0.46 1.0
## desires 0.69 0.21 0.52 0.48 1.2
## embarrassed 0.68 -0.47 0.69 0.31 1.8
## emo_recog 0.84 -0.21 0.74 0.26 1.1
## joy 0.79 0.03 0.63 0.37 1.0
## morality 0.70 -0.42 0.67 0.33 1.6
## personality 0.83 -0.02 0.70 0.30 1.0
## pleasure 0.71 0.24 0.56 0.44 1.2
## pride 0.72 -0.38 0.67 0.33 1.5
##
## MR1 MR2
## SS loadings 15.47 6.92
## Proportion Var 0.39 0.17
## Cumulative Var 0.39 0.56
## Proportion Explained 0.69 0.31
## Cumulative Proportion 0.69 1.00
##
## Mean item complexity = 1.4
## Test of the hypothesis that 2 factors are sufficient.
##
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are 780 and the objective function was 32.41 with Chi Square of 6055.74
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 701 and the objective function was 5.07
##
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is 0.04
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is 0.04
##
## The harmonic number of observations is 202 with the empirical chi square 492.2 with prob < 1
## The total number of observations was 202 with MLE Chi Square = 940.72 with prob < 3.2e-09
##
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability = 0.949
## RMSEA index = 0.048 and the 90 % confidence intervals are 0.034 0.048
## BIC = -2780.37
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 0.99
## Measures of factor score adequacy
## MR1 MR2
## Correlation of scores with factors 0.99 0.97
## Multiple R square of scores with factors 0.98 0.94
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores 0.95 0.88
Step 3: Run EFA with oblimin rotation
## Factor Analysis using method = minres
## Call: fa(r = d2_beetle, nfactors = nfactors_d2_beetle, rotate = "oblimin",
## fm = "minres")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
## MR1 MR2 h2 u2 com
## happy 0.62 0.35 0.66 0.34 1.6
## depressed 0.76 0.08 0.62 0.38 1.0
## fear 0.14 0.64 0.48 0.52 1.1
## angry 0.45 0.35 0.43 0.57 1.9
## calm 0.37 0.55 0.58 0.42 1.8
## sounds -0.13 0.75 0.51 0.49 1.1
## seeing -0.23 0.80 0.56 0.44 1.2
## temperature -0.19 0.70 0.43 0.57 1.1
## odors -0.14 0.72 0.48 0.52 1.1
## depth 0.06 0.51 0.28 0.72 1.0
## computations 0.61 -0.04 0.36 0.64 1.0
## thoughts 0.53 0.39 0.58 0.42 1.8
## reasoning 0.60 0.23 0.50 0.50 1.3
## remembering 0.21 0.56 0.43 0.57 1.3
## beliefs 0.72 -0.07 0.49 0.51 1.0
## hungry -0.30 0.71 0.46 0.54 1.3
## tired 0.12 0.67 0.51 0.49 1.1
## pain -0.06 0.67 0.43 0.57 1.0
## nauseated 0.40 0.34 0.37 0.63 1.9
## safe 0.23 0.57 0.46 0.54 1.3
## love 0.75 0.07 0.60 0.40 1.0
## recognizing 0.47 0.34 0.44 0.56 1.8
## communicating 0.09 0.66 0.48 0.52 1.0
## guilt 0.88 -0.20 0.70 0.30 1.1
## disrespected 0.74 -0.09 0.51 0.49 1.0
## free_will 0.16 0.54 0.37 0.63 1.2
## choices 0.17 0.64 0.51 0.49 1.1
## self_restraint 0.68 0.07 0.50 0.50 1.0
## intentions 0.13 0.61 0.44 0.56 1.1
## goal 0.07 0.61 0.41 0.59 1.0
## conscious 0.12 0.62 0.44 0.56 1.1
## self_aware 0.52 0.34 0.50 0.50 1.7
## desires 0.40 0.45 0.48 0.52 2.0
## embarrassed 0.85 -0.22 0.65 0.35 1.1
## emo_recog 0.80 0.05 0.67 0.33 1.0
## joy 0.56 0.39 0.61 0.39 1.8
## morality 0.78 -0.12 0.56 0.44 1.0
## personality 0.66 0.29 0.65 0.35 1.4
## pleasure 0.43 0.48 0.55 0.45 2.0
## pride 0.81 -0.09 0.62 0.38 1.0
##
## MR1 MR2
## SS loadings 10.66 9.70
## Proportion Var 0.27 0.24
## Cumulative Var 0.27 0.51
## Proportion Explained 0.52 0.48
## Cumulative Proportion 0.52 1.00
##
## With factor correlations of
## MR1 MR2
## MR1 1.00 0.33
## MR2 0.33 1.00
##
## Mean item complexity = 1.3
## Test of the hypothesis that 2 factors are sufficient.
##
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are 780 and the objective function was 29.93 with Chi Square of 5592.38
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 701 and the objective function was 6.75
##
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is 0.05
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is 0.05
##
## The harmonic number of observations is 202 with the empirical chi square 735.39 with prob < 0.18
## The total number of observations was 202 with MLE Chi Square = 1251.92 with prob < 1.2e-33
##
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability = 0.872
## RMSEA index = 0.068 and the 90 % confidence intervals are 0.057 NA
## BIC = -2469.17
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 0.99
## Measures of factor score adequacy
## MR1 MR2
## Correlation of scores with factors 0.98 0.97
## Multiple R square of scores with factors 0.96 0.95
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores 0.92 0.89
Factor 1
Study 2, BEETLE condition: Rotated Factor 1
| guilt |
0.8803545 |
| embarrassed |
0.8542553 |
| pride |
0.8134527 |
| emo_recog |
0.8016504 |
| morality |
0.7796767 |
| depressed |
0.7579188 |
| love |
0.7475632 |
| disrespected |
0.7378570 |
| beliefs |
0.7237554 |
| self_restraint |
0.6782371 |
| personality |
0.6622739 |
| happy |
0.6247966 |
| computations |
0.6148052 |
| reasoning |
0.5981875 |
| joy |
0.5595771 |
| thoughts |
0.5322581 |
| self_aware |
0.5203008 |
| recognizing |
0.4713972 |
| angry |
0.4472759 |
| pleasure |
0.4348482 |
| nauseated |
0.4041003 |
| desires |
0.4037717 |
| calm |
0.3731078 |
| safe |
0.2282987 |
| remembering |
0.2128353 |
| choices |
0.1723475 |
| free_will |
0.1553498 |
| fear |
0.1365334 |
| intentions |
0.1298634 |
| tired |
0.1208708 |
| conscious |
0.1178029 |
| communicating |
0.0861402 |
| goal |
0.0719750 |
| depth |
0.0557840 |
| pain |
-0.0555170 |
| sounds |
-0.1254721 |
| odors |
-0.1419015 |
| temperature |
-0.1855424 |
| seeing |
-0.2252028 |
| hungry |
-0.3005706 |
Factor 2
Study 2, BEETLE condition: Rotated Factor 2
| seeing |
0.7955594 |
| sounds |
0.7456164 |
| odors |
0.7248234 |
| hungry |
0.7141059 |
| temperature |
0.6961565 |
| pain |
0.6724988 |
| tired |
0.6683506 |
| communicating |
0.6559583 |
| fear |
0.6369419 |
| choices |
0.6367620 |
| conscious |
0.6160587 |
| goal |
0.6141723 |
| intentions |
0.6118067 |
| safe |
0.5707932 |
| remembering |
0.5551369 |
| calm |
0.5524617 |
| free_will |
0.5412922 |
| depth |
0.5052081 |
| pleasure |
0.4770327 |
| desires |
0.4469858 |
| thoughts |
0.3920599 |
| joy |
0.3911016 |
| angry |
0.3532373 |
| happy |
0.3521854 |
| nauseated |
0.3410370 |
| recognizing |
0.3380248 |
| self_aware |
0.3379393 |
| personality |
0.2906303 |
| reasoning |
0.2260208 |
| depressed |
0.0840683 |
| self_restraint |
0.0740691 |
| love |
0.0740191 |
| emo_recog |
0.0526682 |
| computations |
-0.0433805 |
| beliefs |
-0.0706573 |
| disrespected |
-0.0923191 |
| pride |
-0.0935499 |
| morality |
-0.1178541 |
| guilt |
-0.1977198 |
| embarrassed |
-0.2160513 |
Factor 3 (not applicable)
EFA: ROBOT condition
Step 2: Run EFA without rotation
## The items do not have an equal number of response alternatives, global set to FALSE
## Factor Analysis using method = minres
## Call: fa(r = d2_robot, nfactors = nfactors_d2_robot, rotate = "none",
## fm = "minres", cor = "poly")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
## MR1 MR2 h2 u2 com
## happy 0.88 -0.05 0.78 0.22 1.0
## depressed 0.88 -0.10 0.78 0.22 1.0
## fear 0.91 0.02 0.83 0.17 1.0
## angry 0.87 -0.03 0.76 0.24 1.0
## calm 0.75 0.15 0.58 0.42 1.1
## sounds -0.25 0.75 0.63 0.37 1.2
## seeing 0.08 0.80 0.64 0.36 1.0
## temperature -0.12 0.74 0.57 0.43 1.1
## odors 0.16 0.63 0.43 0.57 1.1
## depth 0.04 0.64 0.41 0.59 1.0
## computations -0.42 0.69 0.65 0.35 1.7
## thoughts 0.74 0.16 0.58 0.42 1.1
## reasoning 0.38 0.58 0.48 0.52 1.7
## remembering -0.06 0.79 0.62 0.38 1.0
## beliefs 0.80 0.13 0.66 0.34 1.1
## hungry 0.90 -0.12 0.83 0.17 1.0
## tired 0.85 -0.05 0.73 0.27 1.0
## pain 0.89 -0.10 0.80 0.20 1.0
## nauseated 0.88 -0.11 0.78 0.22 1.0
## safe 0.82 0.05 0.68 0.32 1.0
## love 0.88 -0.07 0.78 0.22 1.0
## recognizing 0.09 0.76 0.58 0.42 1.0
## communicating -0.03 0.78 0.60 0.40 1.0
## guilt 0.91 -0.05 0.83 0.17 1.0
## disrespected 0.89 -0.05 0.79 0.21 1.0
## free_will 0.73 0.03 0.54 0.46 1.0
## choices 0.16 0.71 0.52 0.48 1.1
## self_restraint 0.63 0.36 0.53 0.47 1.6
## intentions 0.61 0.35 0.49 0.51 1.6
## goal 0.10 0.77 0.61 0.39 1.0
## conscious 0.76 0.12 0.59 0.41 1.0
## self_aware 0.70 0.30 0.58 0.42 1.4
## desires 0.87 -0.02 0.75 0.25 1.0
## embarrassed 0.89 -0.07 0.80 0.20 1.0
## emo_recog 0.69 0.26 0.55 0.45 1.3
## joy 0.88 -0.03 0.78 0.22 1.0
## morality 0.62 0.37 0.52 0.48 1.6
## personality 0.65 0.28 0.51 0.49 1.4
## pleasure 0.91 0.03 0.84 0.16 1.0
## pride 0.89 -0.07 0.79 0.21 1.0
##
## MR1 MR2
## SS loadings 19.14 7.05
## Proportion Var 0.48 0.18
## Cumulative Var 0.48 0.65
## Proportion Explained 0.73 0.27
## Cumulative Proportion 0.73 1.00
##
## Mean item complexity = 1.1
## Test of the hypothesis that 2 factors are sufficient.
##
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are 780 and the objective function was 43.28 with Chi Square of 8173.42
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 701 and the objective function was 5.13
##
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is 0.03
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is 0.03
##
## The harmonic number of observations is 204 with the empirical chi square 295.44 with prob < 1
## The total number of observations was 204 with MLE Chi Square = 961.01 with prob < 2e-10
##
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability = 0.961
## RMSEA index = 0.049 and the 90 % confidence intervals are 0.036 0.049
## BIC = -2767
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 1
## Measures of factor score adequacy
## MR1 MR2
## Correlation of scores with factors 0.99 0.97
## Multiple R square of scores with factors 0.99 0.94
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores 0.97 0.89
Step 3: Run EFA with oblimin rotation
## Factor Analysis using method = minres
## Call: fa(r = d2_robot, nfactors = nfactors_d2_robot, rotate = "oblimin",
## fm = "minres")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
## MR1 MR2 h2 u2 com
## happy 0.86 -0.03 0.74 0.26 1.0
## depressed 0.92 -0.08 0.82 0.18 1.0
## fear 0.91 0.01 0.83 0.17 1.0
## angry 0.86 0.01 0.73 0.27 1.0
## calm 0.53 0.21 0.36 0.64 1.3
## sounds -0.19 0.71 0.49 0.51 1.1
## seeing 0.04 0.73 0.54 0.46 1.0
## temperature -0.07 0.66 0.42 0.58 1.0
## odors 0.07 0.57 0.35 0.65 1.0
## depth -0.03 0.56 0.31 0.69 1.0
## computations -0.29 0.65 0.44 0.56 1.4
## thoughts 0.57 0.26 0.44 0.56 1.4
## reasoning 0.19 0.57 0.40 0.60 1.2
## remembering -0.06 0.73 0.52 0.48 1.0
## beliefs 0.63 0.19 0.47 0.53 1.2
## hungry 0.86 -0.09 0.72 0.28 1.0
## tired 0.79 0.00 0.63 0.37 1.0
## pain 0.86 -0.07 0.73 0.27 1.0
## nauseated 0.86 -0.10 0.72 0.28 1.0
## safe 0.71 0.09 0.53 0.47 1.0
## love 0.89 -0.05 0.77 0.23 1.0
## recognizing 0.07 0.71 0.52 0.48 1.0
## communicating -0.03 0.73 0.53 0.47 1.0
## guilt 0.91 -0.05 0.81 0.19 1.0
## disrespected 0.87 0.00 0.76 0.24 1.0
## free_will 0.51 0.12 0.30 0.70 1.1
## choices 0.02 0.72 0.52 0.48 1.0
## self_restraint 0.35 0.40 0.32 0.68 2.0
## intentions 0.44 0.38 0.39 0.61 2.0
## goal 0.03 0.74 0.55 0.45 1.0
## conscious 0.62 0.16 0.45 0.55 1.1
## self_aware 0.50 0.35 0.42 0.58 1.8
## desires 0.82 0.08 0.71 0.29 1.0
## embarrassed 0.86 -0.06 0.73 0.27 1.0
## emo_recog 0.52 0.35 0.46 0.54 1.8
## joy 0.87 -0.01 0.76 0.24 1.0
## morality 0.40 0.43 0.40 0.60 2.0
## personality 0.49 0.32 0.39 0.61 1.7
## pleasure 0.86 -0.03 0.72 0.28 1.0
## pride 0.93 -0.03 0.86 0.14 1.0
##
## MR1 MR2
## SS loadings 15.89 6.71
## Proportion Var 0.40 0.17
## Cumulative Var 0.40 0.57
## Proportion Explained 0.70 0.30
## Cumulative Proportion 0.70 1.00
##
## With factor correlations of
## MR1 MR2
## MR1 1.00 0.17
## MR2 0.17 1.00
##
## Mean item complexity = 1.2
## Test of the hypothesis that 2 factors are sufficient.
##
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are 780 and the objective function was 38.55 with Chi Square of 7279.24
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 701 and the objective function was 8.25
##
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is 0.05
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is 0.05
##
## The harmonic number of observations is 204 with the empirical chi square 661.88 with prob < 0.85
## The total number of observations was 204 with MLE Chi Square = 1547.07 with prob < 1.1e-65
##
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability = 0.854
## RMSEA index = 0.083 and the 90 % confidence intervals are 0.072 NA
## BIC = -2180.93
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 0.99
## Measures of factor score adequacy
## MR1 MR2
## Correlation of scores with factors 0.99 0.96
## Multiple R square of scores with factors 0.98 0.93
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores 0.97 0.85
Factor 1
Study 2, ROBOT condition: Rotated Factor 1
| pride |
0.9305553 |
| depressed |
0.9178856 |
| fear |
0.9112457 |
| guilt |
0.9101970 |
| love |
0.8869788 |
| joy |
0.8732872 |
| disrespected |
0.8711814 |
| happy |
0.8648991 |
| embarrassed |
0.8632728 |
| nauseated |
0.8618791 |
| pain |
0.8617204 |
| hungry |
0.8594841 |
| angry |
0.8555406 |
| pleasure |
0.8553076 |
| desires |
0.8249609 |
| tired |
0.7932471 |
| safe |
0.7115840 |
| beliefs |
0.6295444 |
| conscious |
0.6211557 |
| thoughts |
0.5681323 |
| calm |
0.5308524 |
| emo_recog |
0.5227627 |
| free_will |
0.5118449 |
| self_aware |
0.4970889 |
| personality |
0.4891627 |
| intentions |
0.4388387 |
| morality |
0.3956186 |
| self_restraint |
0.3472334 |
| reasoning |
0.1926771 |
| recognizing |
0.0663543 |
| odors |
0.0661537 |
| seeing |
0.0365123 |
| goal |
0.0316102 |
| choices |
0.0188257 |
| communicating |
-0.0266782 |
| depth |
-0.0275297 |
| remembering |
-0.0625296 |
| temperature |
-0.0682218 |
| sounds |
-0.1939118 |
| computations |
-0.2922289 |
Factor 2
Study 2, ROBOT condition: Rotated Factor 2
| goal |
0.7390096 |
| seeing |
0.7308093 |
| communicating |
0.7303912 |
| remembering |
0.7291375 |
| choices |
0.7165656 |
| sounds |
0.7081143 |
| recognizing |
0.7059270 |
| temperature |
0.6556088 |
| computations |
0.6460425 |
| odors |
0.5740639 |
| reasoning |
0.5700562 |
| depth |
0.5649050 |
| morality |
0.4322313 |
| self_restraint |
0.3954423 |
| intentions |
0.3786108 |
| emo_recog |
0.3533344 |
| self_aware |
0.3450476 |
| personality |
0.3204362 |
| thoughts |
0.2624261 |
| calm |
0.2087978 |
| beliefs |
0.1871683 |
| conscious |
0.1612716 |
| free_will |
0.1206103 |
| safe |
0.0860659 |
| desires |
0.0801130 |
| fear |
0.0080766 |
| angry |
0.0076457 |
| disrespected |
0.0011771 |
| tired |
-0.0044641 |
| joy |
-0.0052948 |
| pride |
-0.0250570 |
| pleasure |
-0.0265126 |
| happy |
-0.0330416 |
| love |
-0.0499342 |
| guilt |
-0.0549815 |
| embarrassed |
-0.0554178 |
| pain |
-0.0711324 |
| depressed |
-0.0774049 |
| hungry |
-0.0906640 |
| nauseated |
-0.0959285 |
Factor 3 (not applicable)
EFA: ALL conditions
Step 2: Run EFA without rotation
## The items do not have an equal number of response alternatives, global set to FALSE
## Warning in cor.smooth(mat): Matrix was not positive definite, smoothing was
## done
## Factor Analysis using method = minres
## Call: fa(r = d2_all, nfactors = nfactors_d2_all, rotate = "none", fm = "minres",
## cor = "poly")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
## MR1 MR2 MR3 h2 u2 com
## happy 0.88 -0.11 -0.13 0.80 0.195 1.1
## depressed 0.84 -0.08 -0.31 0.81 0.185 1.3
## fear 0.81 -0.32 0.28 0.84 0.164 1.6
## angry 0.83 -0.18 -0.04 0.73 0.269 1.1
## calm 0.81 -0.04 0.10 0.67 0.334 1.0
## sounds 0.16 0.64 0.50 0.68 0.315 2.1
## seeing 0.43 0.37 0.63 0.72 0.284 2.4
## temperature 0.24 0.44 0.64 0.66 0.338 2.1
## odors 0.46 0.23 0.60 0.63 0.373 2.2
## depth 0.26 0.57 0.27 0.47 0.531 1.9
## computations -0.25 0.87 -0.32 0.92 0.078 1.4
## thoughts 0.83 -0.01 0.01 0.68 0.316 1.0
## reasoning 0.44 0.63 -0.20 0.63 0.368 2.0
## remembering 0.17 0.81 0.08 0.69 0.311 1.1
## beliefs 0.69 0.17 -0.41 0.67 0.335 1.8
## hungry 0.64 -0.55 0.48 0.93 0.066 2.9
## tired 0.77 -0.37 0.34 0.84 0.158 1.9
## pain 0.72 -0.45 0.40 0.89 0.106 2.3
## nauseated 0.81 -0.22 -0.03 0.70 0.298 1.1
## safe 0.81 -0.20 0.18 0.73 0.269 1.2
## love 0.82 -0.08 -0.32 0.78 0.216 1.3
## recognizing 0.22 0.81 -0.12 0.72 0.280 1.2
## communicating 0.32 0.64 0.36 0.64 0.356 2.1
## guilt 0.74 0.03 -0.54 0.84 0.158 1.8
## disrespected 0.76 -0.03 -0.46 0.78 0.218 1.6
## free_will 0.73 -0.25 0.31 0.69 0.307 1.6
## choices 0.48 0.52 0.33 0.61 0.391 2.7
## self_restraint 0.66 0.33 -0.25 0.61 0.394 1.8
## intentions 0.72 0.05 0.28 0.60 0.397 1.3
## goal 0.40 0.57 0.36 0.61 0.392 2.6
## conscious 0.76 -0.23 0.28 0.72 0.283 1.5
## self_aware 0.80 0.07 0.00 0.64 0.359 1.0
## desires 0.85 -0.16 0.05 0.75 0.249 1.1
## embarrassed 0.71 -0.01 -0.52 0.77 0.227 1.8
## emo_recog 0.66 0.34 -0.38 0.69 0.308 2.2
## joy 0.87 -0.10 -0.13 0.78 0.219 1.1
## morality 0.53 0.46 -0.43 0.67 0.325 2.9
## personality 0.73 0.29 -0.21 0.65 0.347 1.5
## pleasure 0.85 -0.23 0.10 0.78 0.217 1.2
## pride 0.77 -0.03 -0.45 0.80 0.198 1.6
##
## MR1 MR2 MR3
## SS loadings 17.90 6.23 4.73
## Proportion Var 0.45 0.16 0.12
## Cumulative Var 0.45 0.60 0.72
## Proportion Explained 0.62 0.22 0.16
## Cumulative Proportion 0.62 0.84 1.00
##
## Mean item complexity = 1.7
## Test of the hypothesis that 3 factors are sufficient.
##
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are 780 and the objective function was 67.35 with Chi Square of 26324.14
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 663 and the objective function was 26.36
##
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is 0.03
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is 0.03
##
## The harmonic number of observations is 406 with the empirical chi square 525.92 with prob < 1
## The total number of observations was 406 with MLE Chi Square = 10250.64 with prob < 0
##
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability = 0.556
## RMSEA index = 0.193 and the 90 % confidence intervals are 0.186 NA
## BIC = 6268.43
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 1
## Measures of factor score adequacy
## MR1 MR2 MR3
## Correlation of scores with factors 1 1 1
## Multiple R square of scores with factors 1 1 1
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores 1 1 1
Step 3: Run EFA with oblimin rotation
## Factor Analysis using method = minres
## Call: fa(r = d2_all, nfactors = nfactors_d2_all, rotate = "oblimin",
## fm = "minres")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
## MR1 MR2 MR3 h2 u2 com
## happy 0.64 0.38 0.04 0.72 0.28 1.6
## depressed 0.78 0.20 -0.07 0.71 0.29 1.1
## fear 0.17 0.77 0.09 0.75 0.25 1.1
## angry 0.47 0.47 0.05 0.61 0.39 2.0
## calm 0.35 0.45 0.23 0.55 0.45 2.4
## sounds -0.19 0.03 0.75 0.52 0.48 1.1
## seeing -0.18 0.36 0.68 0.56 0.44 1.7
## temperature -0.20 0.25 0.64 0.43 0.57 1.5
## odors -0.13 0.45 0.52 0.45 0.55 2.1
## depth -0.02 -0.02 0.59 0.34 0.66 1.0
## computations 0.16 -0.83 0.43 0.79 0.21 1.6
## thoughts 0.46 0.39 0.21 0.58 0.42 2.4
## reasoning 0.37 -0.27 0.49 0.47 0.53 2.5
## remembering 0.07 -0.29 0.72 0.58 0.42 1.3
## beliefs 0.65 -0.08 0.09 0.44 0.56 1.1
## hungry -0.07 0.95 -0.06 0.86 0.14 1.0
## tired 0.10 0.82 0.10 0.77 0.23 1.1
## pain 0.01 0.90 0.02 0.82 0.18 1.0
## nauseated 0.38 0.51 0.04 0.54 0.46 1.9
## safe 0.27 0.61 0.14 0.62 0.38 1.5
## love 0.74 0.20 -0.04 0.66 0.34 1.1
## recognizing 0.26 -0.42 0.61 0.59 0.41 2.2
## communicating -0.01 0.01 0.73 0.54 0.46 1.0
## guilt 0.90 -0.06 -0.13 0.73 0.27 1.1
## disrespected 0.78 0.04 -0.08 0.60 0.40 1.0
## free_will 0.12 0.67 0.15 0.56 0.44 1.2
## choices 0.05 0.12 0.69 0.53 0.47 1.1
## self_restraint 0.49 -0.07 0.27 0.37 0.63 1.6
## intentions 0.17 0.48 0.35 0.50 0.50 2.1
## goal 0.01 0.08 0.69 0.49 0.51 1.0
## conscious 0.17 0.68 0.16 0.62 0.38 1.2
## self_aware 0.45 0.31 0.23 0.52 0.48 2.3
## desires 0.40 0.54 0.12 0.64 0.36 2.0
## embarrassed 0.86 -0.05 -0.14 0.67 0.33 1.1
## emo_recog 0.66 -0.14 0.25 0.55 0.45 1.4
## joy 0.60 0.39 0.08 0.69 0.31 1.8
## morality 0.57 -0.29 0.27 0.45 0.55 2.0
## personality 0.59 0.01 0.28 0.53 0.47 1.4
## pleasure 0.40 0.60 0.08 0.70 0.30 1.8
## pride 0.85 0.04 -0.09 0.71 0.29 1.0
##
## MR1 MR2 MR3
## SS loadings 9.20 8.66 5.91
## Proportion Var 0.23 0.22 0.15
## Cumulative Var 0.23 0.45 0.59
## Proportion Explained 0.39 0.36 0.25
## Cumulative Proportion 0.39 0.75 1.00
##
## With factor correlations of
## MR1 MR2 MR3
## MR1 1.00 0.32 0.29
## MR2 0.32 1.00 0.09
## MR3 0.29 0.09 1.00
##
## Mean item complexity = 1.5
## Test of the hypothesis that 3 factors are sufficient.
##
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are 780 and the objective function was 33.07 with Chi Square of 12924.08
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 663 and the objective function was 3.93
##
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is 0.03
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is 0.03
##
## The harmonic number of observations is 406 with the empirical chi square 607.3 with prob < 0.94
## The total number of observations was 406 with MLE Chi Square = 1526.24 with prob < 6.5e-70
##
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability = 0.916
## RMSEA index = 0.059 and the 90 % confidence intervals are 0.053 0.06
## BIC = -2455.97
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 0.99
## Measures of factor score adequacy
## MR1 MR2 MR3
## Correlation of scores with factors 0.98 0.98 0.96
## Multiple R square of scores with factors 0.96 0.97 0.92
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores 0.92 0.93 0.85
Factor 1
Study 2, ALL conditions: Rotated Factor 1
| guilt |
0.9018117 |
| embarrassed |
0.8644501 |
| pride |
0.8512502 |
| disrespected |
0.7816774 |
| depressed |
0.7768355 |
| love |
0.7414486 |
| emo_recog |
0.6627206 |
| beliefs |
0.6530539 |
| happy |
0.6389639 |
| joy |
0.5955045 |
| personality |
0.5895859 |
| morality |
0.5678485 |
| self_restraint |
0.4896610 |
| angry |
0.4699806 |
| thoughts |
0.4556764 |
| self_aware |
0.4531171 |
| desires |
0.3967682 |
| pleasure |
0.3961616 |
| nauseated |
0.3817812 |
| reasoning |
0.3696592 |
| calm |
0.3545488 |
| safe |
0.2740405 |
| recognizing |
0.2635986 |
| fear |
0.1748140 |
| intentions |
0.1677811 |
| conscious |
0.1661887 |
| computations |
0.1605288 |
| free_will |
0.1214247 |
| tired |
0.0998412 |
| remembering |
0.0669193 |
| choices |
0.0506938 |
| pain |
0.0109853 |
| goal |
0.0097885 |
| communicating |
-0.0058206 |
| depth |
-0.0221118 |
| hungry |
-0.0701970 |
| odors |
-0.1325338 |
| seeing |
-0.1758959 |
| sounds |
-0.1907316 |
| temperature |
-0.2031845 |
Factor 2
Study 2, ALL conditions: Rotated Factor 2
| hungry |
0.9477598 |
| pain |
0.8997743 |
| tired |
0.8211861 |
| fear |
0.7720673 |
| conscious |
0.6809673 |
| free_will |
0.6666312 |
| safe |
0.6132382 |
| pleasure |
0.5988310 |
| desires |
0.5396944 |
| nauseated |
0.5082342 |
| intentions |
0.4794387 |
| angry |
0.4746162 |
| calm |
0.4519300 |
| odors |
0.4513555 |
| thoughts |
0.3896041 |
| joy |
0.3884269 |
| happy |
0.3754179 |
| seeing |
0.3633246 |
| self_aware |
0.3113616 |
| temperature |
0.2470464 |
| love |
0.1968049 |
| depressed |
0.1953708 |
| choices |
0.1215030 |
| goal |
0.0803831 |
| pride |
0.0435385 |
| disrespected |
0.0432014 |
| sounds |
0.0329935 |
| communicating |
0.0125797 |
| personality |
0.0087852 |
| depth |
-0.0216847 |
| embarrassed |
-0.0526589 |
| guilt |
-0.0599803 |
| self_restraint |
-0.0705879 |
| beliefs |
-0.0789678 |
| emo_recog |
-0.1375540 |
| reasoning |
-0.2659083 |
| remembering |
-0.2857466 |
| morality |
-0.2909780 |
| recognizing |
-0.4248210 |
| computations |
-0.8272856 |
Factor 3
Study 2, ALL conditions: Rotated Factor 3
| sounds |
0.7505277 |
| communicating |
0.7324933 |
| remembering |
0.7179818 |
| choices |
0.6876736 |
| goal |
0.6864950 |
| seeing |
0.6753770 |
| temperature |
0.6380509 |
| recognizing |
0.6097092 |
| depth |
0.5895839 |
| odors |
0.5173410 |
| reasoning |
0.4918902 |
| computations |
0.4347000 |
| intentions |
0.3500669 |
| personality |
0.2837250 |
| self_restraint |
0.2716401 |
| morality |
0.2705058 |
| emo_recog |
0.2495774 |
| calm |
0.2327532 |
| self_aware |
0.2258684 |
| thoughts |
0.2055088 |
| conscious |
0.1560888 |
| free_will |
0.1466452 |
| safe |
0.1388006 |
| desires |
0.1230747 |
| tired |
0.0989842 |
| fear |
0.0949720 |
| beliefs |
0.0927408 |
| pleasure |
0.0785267 |
| joy |
0.0781520 |
| angry |
0.0477393 |
| happy |
0.0449535 |
| nauseated |
0.0353175 |
| pain |
0.0157851 |
| love |
-0.0444002 |
| hungry |
-0.0622055 |
| depressed |
-0.0654152 |
| disrespected |
-0.0843699 |
| pride |
-0.0904020 |
| guilt |
-0.1296249 |
| embarrassed |
-0.1366754 |
Confirmatory factor analysis
CFA: All conditions
ModelDD: Data-driven, three factors (experience, MR2, MR3; see Study 1)
## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds
## Warning in lav_samplestats_from_data(lavdata = lavdata, missing = lavoptions$missing, : lavaan WARNING: number of observations (406) too small to compute Gamma
## lavaan (0.5-20) converged normally after 71 iterations
##
## Number of observations 406
##
## Estimator DWLS Robust
## Minimum Function Test Statistic 5874.371 4718.358
## Degrees of freedom 737 737
## P-value (Chi-square) 0.000 0.000
## Scaling correction factor 1.398
## Shift parameter 516.425
## for simple second-order correction (Mplus variant)
##
## Model test baseline model:
##
## Minimum Function Test Statistic 40417.402 5890.214
## Degrees of freedom 780 780
## P-value 0.000 0.000
##
## User model versus baseline model:
##
## Comparative Fit Index (CFI) 0.870 0.221
## Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) 0.863 0.175
##
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
##
## RMSEA 0.131 0.115
## 90 Percent Confidence Interval 0.128 0.134 0.112 0.119
## P-value RMSEA <= 0.05 0.000 0.000
##
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
##
## SRMR 0.130 0.130
##
## Parameter Estimates:
##
## Information Expected
## Standard Errors Robust.sem
##
## Latent Variables:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## MR1 =~
## embarrassed 1.000
## pride 1.406 0.134 10.504 0.000
## guilt 1.119 0.088 12.748 0.000
## love 1.879 0.218 8.620 0.000
## disrespected 1.274 0.135 9.429 0.000
## depressed 1.789 0.220 8.132 0.000
## beliefs 1.175 0.140 8.417 0.000
## emo_recog 1.504 0.163 9.216 0.000
## joy 2.472 0.312 7.932 0.000
## personality 2.126 0.252 8.439 0.000
## happy 2.698 0.331 8.162 0.000
## morality 1.053 0.124 8.497 0.000
## angry 2.496 0.321 7.771 0.000
## self_restraint 1.602 0.197 8.151 0.000
## thoughts 2.730 0.369 7.396 0.000
## self_aware 2.726 0.354 7.704 0.000
## MR2 =~
## hungry 1.000
## pain 0.975 0.032 30.172 0.000
## tired 0.923 0.036 25.923 0.000
## fear 0.932 0.041 22.831 0.000
## pleasure 0.805 0.042 19.095 0.000
## conscious 0.855 0.041 21.043 0.000
## free_will 0.779 0.044 17.680 0.000
## safe 0.808 0.041 19.503 0.000
## desires 0.758 0.045 16.987 0.000
## calm 0.757 0.043 17.565 0.000
## nauseated 0.580 0.044 13.120 0.000
## odors 0.517 0.043 11.936 0.000
## intentions 0.760 0.046 16.545 0.000
## MR3 =~
## remembering 1.000
## temperature 1.087 0.166 6.567 0.000
## recognizing 0.983 0.133 7.404 0.000
## seeing 1.571 0.201 7.814 0.000
## communicating 1.305 0.154 8.454 0.000
## sounds 0.912 0.122 7.491 0.000
## depth 1.030 0.148 6.965 0.000
## goal 1.561 0.194 8.039 0.000
## choices 1.626 0.201 8.096 0.000
## reasoning 1.038 0.144 7.201 0.000
## computations -0.403 0.187 -2.157 0.031
##
## Covariances:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## MR1 ~~
## MR2 0.758 0.108 7.018 0.000
## MR3 0.216 0.046 4.658 0.000
## MR2 ~~
## MR3 0.793 0.131 6.056 0.000
##
## Intercepts:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## embarrassed -2.571 0.047 -54.183 0.000
## pride -2.416 0.056 -43.475 0.000
## guilt -2.525 0.050 -50.419 0.000
## love -2.288 0.066 -34.846 0.000
## disrespected -2.475 0.054 -46.084 0.000
## depressed -2.365 0.062 -38.335 0.000
## beliefs -2.392 0.059 -40.333 0.000
## emo_recog -2.047 0.068 -30.267 0.000
## joy -2.039 0.075 -27.360 0.000
## personality -1.640 0.082 -19.945 0.000
## happy -1.936 0.081 -24.033 0.000
## morality -2.057 0.073 -28.310 0.000
## angry -1.914 0.081 -23.762 0.000
## self_restraint -1.887 0.082 -23.073 0.000
## thoughts -1.608 0.085 -18.989 0.000
## self_aware -1.520 0.091 -16.743 0.000
## hungry -0.303 0.135 -2.242 0.025
## pain -0.805 0.121 -6.653 0.000
## tired -1.143 0.108 -10.542 0.000
## fear -1.180 0.107 -10.985 0.000
## pleasure -1.599 0.091 -17.584 0.000
## conscious -1.091 0.105 -10.434 0.000
## free_will -1.232 0.103 -12.012 0.000
## safe -1.355 0.096 -14.096 0.000
## desires -1.670 0.088 -18.891 0.000
## calm -1.512 0.093 -16.291 0.000
## nauseated -2.032 0.076 -26.636 0.000
## odors 0.584 0.102 5.743 0.000
## intentions -0.862 0.102 -8.482 0.000
## remembering 0.177 0.107 1.650 0.099
## temperature 1.345 0.094 14.275 0.000
## recognizing -0.283 0.107 -2.637 0.008
## seeing 1.069 0.103 10.427 0.000
## communicating 0.665 0.096 6.944 0.000
## sounds 1.522 0.090 16.871 0.000
## depth 0.059 0.104 0.569 0.570
## goal 0.293 0.107 2.736 0.006
## choices -0.005 0.100 -0.049 0.961
## reasoning -1.254 0.093 -13.470 0.000
## computations -0.096 0.129 -0.747 0.455
## MR1 0.000
## MR2 0.000
## MR3 0.000
##
## Variances:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## embarrassed 0.625 0.091 6.875 0.000
## pride 0.684 0.090 7.636 0.000
## guilt 0.657 0.075 8.715 0.000
## love 0.734 0.091 8.090 0.000
## disrespected 0.703 0.105 6.727 0.000
## depressed 0.623 0.078 8.027 0.000
## beliefs 1.028 0.157 6.550 0.000
## emo_recog 1.203 0.127 9.505 0.000
## joy 0.498 0.080 6.257 0.000
## personality 1.443 0.168 8.571 0.000
## happy 0.541 0.090 5.986 0.000
## morality 1.820 0.189 9.643 0.000
## angry 0.841 0.118 7.145 0.000
## self_restraint 1.973 0.240 8.231 0.000
## thoughts 0.768 0.134 5.733 0.000
## self_aware 1.206 0.175 6.909 0.000
## hungry 3.563 0.275 12.942 0.000
## pain 2.292 0.220 10.396 0.000
## tired 1.495 0.167 8.973 0.000
## fear 1.339 0.154 8.684 0.000
## pleasure 0.864 0.130 6.671 0.000
## conscious 1.626 0.175 9.304 0.000
## free_will 1.929 0.203 9.513 0.000
## safe 1.237 0.149 8.304 0.000
## desires 0.960 0.125 7.685 0.000
## calm 1.294 0.182 7.118 0.000
## nauseated 1.066 0.111 9.618 0.000
## odors 3.160 0.175 18.107 0.000
## intentions 1.970 0.196 10.033 0.000
## remembering 3.618 0.238 15.190 0.000
## temperature 2.341 0.202 11.593 0.000
## recognizing 3.646 0.238 15.304 0.000
## seeing 1.637 0.242 6.774 0.000
## communicating 1.909 0.205 9.325 0.000
## sounds 2.413 0.199 12.148 0.000
## depth 3.250 0.238 13.658 0.000
## goal 2.061 0.257 8.020 0.000
## choices 1.249 0.244 5.123 0.000
## reasoning 2.365 0.224 10.538 0.000
## computations 6.532 0.215 30.334 0.000
## MR1 0.287 0.076 3.794 0.000
## MR2 3.833 0.295 12.973 0.000
## MR3 1.061 0.246 4.306 0.000
ModelWDM: Theoretical, three factors (AFFECT, AUTONOMY, PERCEPTION; see Weisman et al., 2015)
## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds
## lavaan (0.5-20) converged normally after 44 iterations
##
## Number of observations 406
##
## Estimator DWLS Robust
## Minimum Function Test Statistic 396.742 642.359
## Degrees of freedom 101 101
## P-value (Chi-square) 0.000 0.000
## Scaling correction factor 0.660
## Shift parameter 41.479
## for simple second-order correction (Mplus variant)
##
## Model test baseline model:
##
## Minimum Function Test Statistic 6208.363 1881.899
## Degrees of freedom 120 120
## P-value 0.000 0.000
##
## User model versus baseline model:
##
## Comparative Fit Index (CFI) 0.951 0.693
## Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) 0.942 0.635
##
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
##
## RMSEA 0.085 0.115
## 90 Percent Confidence Interval 0.076 0.094 0.107 0.124
## P-value RMSEA <= 0.05 0.000 0.000
##
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
##
## SRMR 0.084 0.084
##
## Parameter Estimates:
##
## Information Expected
## Standard Errors Robust.sem
##
## Latent Variables:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## affect =~
## happy 1.000
## depressed 0.605 0.048 12.637 0.000
## fear 1.339 0.086 15.584 0.000
## angry 0.974 0.068 14.245 0.000
## calm 1.179 0.069 17.074 0.000
## joy 0.935 0.041 22.643 0.000
## perception =~
## sounds 1.000
## seeing 1.664 0.183 9.100 0.000
## temperature 1.236 0.140 8.801 0.000
## odors 1.661 0.178 9.309 0.000
## depth 1.089 0.133 8.165 0.000
## autonomy =~
## free_will 1.000
## choices 0.911 0.077 11.901 0.000
## self_restraint 0.558 0.069 8.056 0.000
## intentions 1.102 0.081 13.647 0.000
## goal 0.910 0.087 10.510 0.000
##
## Covariances:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## affect ~~
## perception 0.508 0.091 5.597 0.000
## autonomy 1.313 0.163 8.055 0.000
## perception ~~
## autonomy 1.045 0.140 7.474 0.000
##
## Intercepts:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## happy -1.936 0.081 -24.033 0.000
## depressed -2.365 0.062 -38.335 0.000
## fear -1.180 0.107 -10.985 0.000
## angry -1.914 0.081 -23.762 0.000
## calm -1.512 0.093 -16.291 0.000
## joy -2.039 0.075 -27.360 0.000
## sounds 1.522 0.090 16.871 0.000
## seeing 1.069 0.103 10.427 0.000
## temperature 1.345 0.094 14.275 0.000
## odors 0.584 0.102 5.743 0.000
## depth 0.059 0.104 0.569 0.570
## free_will -1.232 0.103 -12.012 0.000
## choices -0.005 0.100 -0.049 0.961
## self_restraint -1.887 0.082 -23.073 0.000
## intentions -0.862 0.102 -8.482 0.000
## goal 0.293 0.107 2.736 0.006
## affect 0.000
## perception 0.000
## autonomy 0.000
##
## Variances:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## happy 0.903 0.117 7.741 0.000
## depressed 0.909 0.111 8.197 0.000
## fear 1.577 0.217 7.257 0.000
## angry 0.991 0.131 7.563 0.000
## calm 1.094 0.173 6.308 0.000
## joy 0.741 0.089 8.362 0.000
## sounds 2.313 0.191 12.111 0.000
## seeing 1.533 0.209 7.324 0.000
## temperature 2.092 0.187 11.212 0.000
## odors 1.468 0.208 7.052 0.000
## depth 3.209 0.236 13.626 0.000
## free_will 2.420 0.224 10.803 0.000
## choices 2.529 0.181 13.976 0.000
## self_restraint 2.135 0.209 10.219 0.000
## intentions 1.953 0.191 10.228 0.000
## goal 3.124 0.203 15.366 0.000
## affect 1.725 0.214 8.051 0.000
## perception 0.984 0.204 4.824 0.000
## autonomy 1.837 0.248 7.404 0.000
ModelGGW: Theoretical, two factors (AGENCY, EXPERIENCE; see Gray et al., 2007)
## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds
## lavaan (0.5-20) converged normally after 50 iterations
##
## Number of observations 406
##
## Estimator DWLS Robust
## Minimum Function Test Statistic 1165.416 1500.337
## Degrees of freedom 134 134
## P-value (Chi-square) 0.000 0.000
## Scaling correction factor 0.815
## Shift parameter 70.525
## for simple second-order correction (Mplus variant)
##
## Model test baseline model:
##
## Minimum Function Test Statistic 9469.468 2386.219
## Degrees of freedom 153 153
## P-value 0.000 0.000
##
## User model versus baseline model:
##
## Comparative Fit Index (CFI) 0.889 0.388
## Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) 0.874 0.301
##
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
##
## RMSEA 0.138 0.159
## 90 Percent Confidence Interval 0.131 0.145 0.151 0.166
## P-value RMSEA <= 0.05 0.000 0.000
##
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
##
## SRMR 0.137 0.137
##
## Parameter Estimates:
##
## Information Expected
## Standard Errors Robust.sem
##
## Latent Variables:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## experience =~
## hungry 1.000
## fear 0.932 0.041 22.562 0.000
## pain 0.992 0.034 28.940 0.000
## pleasure 0.817 0.043 19.109 0.000
## angry 0.657 0.048 13.672 0.000
## desires 0.767 0.045 17.157 0.000
## personality 0.482 0.050 9.561 0.000
## conscious 0.826 0.040 20.493 0.000
## pride 0.330 0.040 8.265 0.000
## embarrassed 0.225 0.034 6.565 0.000
## joy 0.628 0.045 14.122 0.000
## agency =~
## self_restraint 1.000
## morality 0.638 0.091 6.983 0.000
## remembering 0.506 0.130 3.895 0.000
## emo_recog 0.908 0.099 9.156 0.000
## goal 1.107 0.150 7.375 0.000
## communicating 0.845 0.136 6.198 0.000
## thoughts 1.806 0.203 8.896 0.000
##
## Covariances:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## experience ~~
## agency 1.118 0.145 7.695 0.000
##
## Intercepts:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## hungry -0.303 0.135 -2.242 0.025
## fear -1.180 0.107 -10.985 0.000
## pain -0.805 0.121 -6.653 0.000
## pleasure -1.599 0.091 -17.584 0.000
## angry -1.914 0.081 -23.762 0.000
## desires -1.670 0.088 -18.891 0.000
## personality -1.640 0.082 -19.945 0.000
## conscious -1.091 0.105 -10.434 0.000
## pride -2.416 0.056 -43.475 0.000
## embarrassed -2.571 0.047 -54.183 0.000
## joy -2.039 0.075 -27.360 0.000
## self_restraint -1.887 0.082 -23.073 0.000
## morality -2.057 0.073 -28.310 0.000
## remembering 0.177 0.107 1.650 0.099
## emo_recog -2.047 0.068 -30.267 0.000
## goal 0.293 0.107 2.736 0.006
## communicating 0.665 0.096 6.944 0.000
## thoughts -1.608 0.085 -18.989 0.000
## experience 0.000
## agency 0.000
##
## Variances:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## hungry 3.695 0.282 13.121 0.000
## fear 1.456 0.159 9.187 0.000
## pain 2.289 0.219 10.473 0.000
## pleasure 0.878 0.118 7.469 0.000
## angry 1.032 0.112 9.239 0.000
## desires 0.989 0.124 7.973 0.000
## personality 1.879 0.169 11.127 0.000
## conscious 1.900 0.193 9.852 0.000
## pride 0.847 0.106 7.987 0.000
## embarrassed 0.725 0.106 6.867 0.000
## joy 0.788 0.084 9.373 0.000
## self_restraint 1.823 0.234 7.802 0.000
## morality 1.778 0.189 9.427 0.000
## remembering 4.453 0.188 23.713 0.000
## emo_recog 1.123 0.119 9.409 0.000
## goal 3.564 0.214 16.653 0.000
## communicating 3.083 0.185 16.657 0.000
## thoughts 0.020 0.187 0.109 0.913
## experience 3.702 0.301 12.292 0.000
## agency 0.885 0.168 5.270 0.000
Study 3 (2016-01-10, 2 conditions, within-subjects)
Demographics
## Warning in mutate_impl(.data, dots): NAs introduced by coercion
Study 1: Exclusion
| 14 |
19 |
15 |
0 |
48 |
405 |
453 |
Study 3: Sample size
| beetle |
200 |
| robot |
200 |
| all |
200 |
Study 3: Study duration (minutes)
| within-subjects |
1.33 |
36.43 |
5.46 |
6.44 |
3.92 |
Study 3: Participant age (years; approximate)
| within-subjects |
20 |
68 |
33 |
36.84 |
11.28 |
Study 3: Participant gender
| all |
202 |
198 |
0 |
Study 3: Participant race/ethnicity
| all |
30 |
4 |
38 |
16 |
22 |
290 |
Study 3: Participant religion
| all |
10 |
176 |
6 |
190 |
6 |
12 |
Exploratory factor analysis
EFA: ALL conditions
Step 2: Run EFA without rotation
## Warning in cor.smooth(mat): Matrix was not positive definite, smoothing was
## done
## Factor Analysis using method = minres
## Call: fa(r = d3_all, nfactors = nfactors_d3_all, rotate = "none", fm = "minres",
## cor = "poly")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
## MR1 MR2 MR3 h2 u2 com
## happy 0.92 -0.05 -0.10 0.85 0.145 1.0
## depressed 0.86 0.00 -0.28 0.82 0.180 1.2
## fear 0.85 -0.36 0.10 0.86 0.142 1.4
## angry 0.88 -0.12 -0.12 0.80 0.196 1.1
## calm 0.87 -0.10 0.05 0.77 0.233 1.0
## sounds 0.36 0.41 0.64 0.71 0.295 2.4
## seeing 0.47 0.15 0.63 0.65 0.352 2.0
## temperature 0.49 0.17 0.67 0.71 0.288 2.0
## odors 0.60 -0.03 0.51 0.62 0.380 2.0
## depth 0.44 0.37 0.44 0.53 0.474 2.9
## computations -0.42 0.80 -0.18 0.84 0.156 1.6
## thoughts 0.87 0.05 0.00 0.76 0.243 1.0
## reasoning 0.45 0.69 -0.06 0.68 0.321 1.7
## remembering 0.25 0.73 0.21 0.63 0.367 1.4
## beliefs 0.68 0.25 -0.39 0.68 0.324 1.9
## hungry 0.74 -0.58 0.26 0.96 0.042 2.2
## tired 0.83 -0.41 0.12 0.88 0.124 1.5
## pain 0.78 -0.52 0.22 0.92 0.083 1.9
## nauseated 0.85 -0.26 -0.01 0.80 0.202 1.2
## safe 0.82 -0.24 0.10 0.74 0.263 1.2
## love 0.89 0.02 -0.18 0.82 0.180 1.1
## recognizing 0.25 0.79 0.11 0.71 0.295 1.2
## communicating 0.25 0.66 0.25 0.56 0.438 1.6
## guilt 0.80 0.14 -0.39 0.82 0.184 1.5
## disrespected 0.80 0.12 -0.36 0.79 0.213 1.4
## free_will 0.86 -0.22 0.07 0.79 0.214 1.1
## choices 0.60 0.35 0.29 0.56 0.439 2.1
## self_restraint 0.69 0.25 -0.23 0.59 0.406 1.5
## intentions 0.77 0.00 0.17 0.62 0.375 1.1
## goal 0.50 0.44 0.27 0.52 0.484 2.5
## conscious 0.87 -0.21 0.04 0.80 0.199 1.1
## self_aware 0.81 0.00 -0.02 0.65 0.351 1.0
## desires 0.88 -0.23 0.08 0.84 0.161 1.1
## embarrassed 0.78 0.09 -0.45 0.83 0.174 1.6
## emo_recog 0.68 0.43 -0.23 0.70 0.301 1.9
## joy 0.90 -0.05 -0.13 0.83 0.173 1.0
## morality 0.48 0.57 -0.31 0.66 0.340 2.5
## personality 0.75 0.33 -0.14 0.69 0.307 1.4
## pleasure 0.89 -0.24 0.02 0.84 0.156 1.1
## pride 0.82 0.09 -0.37 0.82 0.180 1.4
##
## MR1 MR2 MR3
## SS loadings 20.83 5.43 3.36
## Proportion Var 0.52 0.14 0.08
## Cumulative Var 0.52 0.66 0.74
## Proportion Explained 0.70 0.18 0.11
## Cumulative Proportion 0.70 0.89 1.00
##
## Mean item complexity = 1.6
## Test of the hypothesis that 3 factors are sufficient.
##
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are 780 and the objective function was 92.65 with Chi Square of 35656.62
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 663 and the objective function was 47.49
##
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is 0.03
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is 0.03
##
## The harmonic number of observations is 400 with the empirical chi square 591.25 with prob < 0.98
## The total number of observations was 400 with MLE Chi Square = 18180.82 with prob < 0
##
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability = 0.406
## RMSEA index = 0.263 and the 90 % confidence intervals are 0.254 NA
## BIC = 14208.48
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 1
## Measures of factor score adequacy
## MR1 MR2 MR3
## Correlation of scores with factors 1 1 1
## Multiple R square of scores with factors 1 1 1
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores 1 1 1
Step 3: Run EFA with oblimin rotation
## Factor Analysis using method = minres
## Call: fa(r = d3_all, nfactors = nfactors_d3_all, rotate = "oblimin",
## fm = "minres")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
## MR1 MR2 MR3 h2 u2 com
## happy 0.68 0.30 0.08 0.77 0.23 1.4
## depressed 0.80 0.13 -0.07 0.69 0.31 1.1
## fear 0.30 0.67 0.09 0.75 0.25 1.4
## angry 0.62 0.35 0.03 0.69 0.31 1.6
## calm 0.44 0.42 0.21 0.66 0.34 2.4
## sounds -0.18 0.12 0.70 0.45 0.55 1.2
## seeing -0.20 0.31 0.62 0.43 0.57 1.7
## temperature -0.23 0.34 0.66 0.50 0.50 1.8
## odors -0.10 0.49 0.47 0.47 0.53 2.1
## depth -0.02 0.09 0.61 0.38 0.62 1.0
## computations 0.14 -0.89 0.21 0.72 0.28 1.2
## thoughts 0.50 0.30 0.27 0.67 0.33 2.3
## reasoning 0.37 -0.35 0.53 0.54 0.46 2.6
## remembering 0.11 -0.31 0.64 0.49 0.51 1.5
## beliefs 0.69 -0.11 0.02 0.44 0.56 1.1
## hungry 0.00 0.93 0.01 0.87 0.13 1.0
## tired 0.25 0.74 0.04 0.78 0.22 1.2
## pain 0.06 0.88 0.05 0.84 0.16 1.0
## nauseated 0.47 0.50 0.01 0.66 0.34 2.0
## safe 0.29 0.58 0.15 0.63 0.37 1.6
## love 0.72 0.20 0.04 0.70 0.30 1.2
## recognizing 0.24 -0.46 0.61 0.59 0.41 2.2
## communicating 0.07 -0.25 0.60 0.40 0.60 1.4
## guilt 0.83 -0.05 -0.07 0.63 0.37 1.0
## disrespected 0.82 -0.02 -0.07 0.61 0.39 1.0
## free_will 0.33 0.56 0.16 0.66 0.34 1.8
## choices 0.09 0.13 0.61 0.47 0.53 1.1
## self_restraint 0.57 -0.01 0.18 0.43 0.57 1.2
## intentions 0.24 0.41 0.34 0.52 0.48 2.6
## goal 0.11 0.01 0.57 0.39 0.61 1.1
## conscious 0.34 0.56 0.18 0.68 0.32 1.9
## self_aware 0.44 0.31 0.21 0.54 0.46 2.3
## desires 0.37 0.59 0.16 0.75 0.25 1.9
## embarrassed 0.83 -0.05 -0.12 0.60 0.40 1.1
## emo_recog 0.62 -0.14 0.25 0.51 0.49 1.4
## joy 0.70 0.28 0.04 0.76 0.24 1.3
## morality 0.52 -0.32 0.28 0.41 0.59 2.2
## personality 0.60 -0.02 0.28 0.57 0.43 1.4
## pleasure 0.47 0.55 0.07 0.76 0.24 2.0
## pride 0.84 0.00 -0.07 0.66 0.34 1.0
##
## MR1 MR2 MR3
## SS loadings 10.49 8.21 5.35
## Proportion Var 0.26 0.21 0.13
## Cumulative Var 0.26 0.47 0.60
## Proportion Explained 0.44 0.34 0.22
## Cumulative Proportion 0.44 0.78 1.00
##
## With factor correlations of
## MR1 MR2 MR3
## MR1 1.00 0.38 0.40
## MR2 0.38 1.00 0.16
## MR3 0.40 0.16 1.00
##
## Mean item complexity = 1.6
## Test of the hypothesis that 3 factors are sufficient.
##
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are 780 and the objective function was 34.22 with Chi Square of 13170.85
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 663 and the objective function was 3.58
##
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is 0.03
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is 0.03
##
## The harmonic number of observations is 400 with the empirical chi square 526.02 with prob < 1
## The total number of observations was 400 with MLE Chi Square = 1371.31 with prob < 1.4e-51
##
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability = 0.932
## RMSEA index = 0.054 and the 90 % confidence intervals are 0.048 0.056
## BIC = -2601.03
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 1
## Measures of factor score adequacy
## MR1 MR2 MR3
## Correlation of scores with factors 0.98 0.98 0.95
## Multiple R square of scores with factors 0.96 0.96 0.90
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores 0.92 0.93 0.81
Factor 1
Study 3, ALL conditions: Rotated Factor 1
| pride |
0.8355655 |
| guilt |
0.8343019 |
| embarrassed |
0.8294130 |
| disrespected |
0.8162977 |
| depressed |
0.7982484 |
| love |
0.7198466 |
| joy |
0.7022254 |
| beliefs |
0.6923427 |
| happy |
0.6817983 |
| emo_recog |
0.6246103 |
| angry |
0.6218072 |
| personality |
0.6045677 |
| self_restraint |
0.5661369 |
| morality |
0.5242637 |
| thoughts |
0.4997066 |
| nauseated |
0.4719554 |
| pleasure |
0.4663574 |
| self_aware |
0.4418902 |
| calm |
0.4395396 |
| reasoning |
0.3741904 |
| desires |
0.3698248 |
| conscious |
0.3424203 |
| free_will |
0.3343673 |
| fear |
0.3028950 |
| safe |
0.2853295 |
| tired |
0.2468717 |
| intentions |
0.2389793 |
| recognizing |
0.2380664 |
| computations |
0.1414391 |
| goal |
0.1149527 |
| remembering |
0.1149484 |
| choices |
0.0940551 |
| communicating |
0.0744099 |
| pain |
0.0643083 |
| hungry |
0.0028932 |
| depth |
-0.0168866 |
| odors |
-0.1049849 |
| sounds |
-0.1848926 |
| seeing |
-0.2004686 |
| temperature |
-0.2296458 |
Factor 2
Study 3, ALL conditions: Rotated Factor 2
| hungry |
0.9310065 |
| pain |
0.8783099 |
| tired |
0.7447308 |
| fear |
0.6737192 |
| desires |
0.5867782 |
| safe |
0.5828178 |
| free_will |
0.5581014 |
| conscious |
0.5551105 |
| pleasure |
0.5511893 |
| nauseated |
0.5017473 |
| odors |
0.4868042 |
| calm |
0.4248659 |
| intentions |
0.4054190 |
| angry |
0.3486169 |
| temperature |
0.3405954 |
| self_aware |
0.3149236 |
| seeing |
0.3090220 |
| happy |
0.3005960 |
| thoughts |
0.3005739 |
| joy |
0.2845572 |
| love |
0.2012057 |
| choices |
0.1280229 |
| depressed |
0.1263512 |
| sounds |
0.1155786 |
| depth |
0.0854566 |
| goal |
0.0130670 |
| pride |
0.0018078 |
| self_restraint |
-0.0143414 |
| personality |
-0.0224117 |
| disrespected |
-0.0230586 |
| guilt |
-0.0458504 |
| embarrassed |
-0.0481279 |
| beliefs |
-0.1117514 |
| emo_recog |
-0.1441830 |
| communicating |
-0.2518920 |
| remembering |
-0.3145192 |
| morality |
-0.3176953 |
| reasoning |
-0.3525384 |
| recognizing |
-0.4644066 |
| computations |
-0.8882576 |
Factor 3
Study 3, ALL conditions: Rotated Factor 3
| sounds |
0.7036938 |
| temperature |
0.6615971 |
| remembering |
0.6388390 |
| seeing |
0.6199357 |
| recognizing |
0.6120320 |
| depth |
0.6083815 |
| choices |
0.6074725 |
| communicating |
0.5954826 |
| goal |
0.5669244 |
| reasoning |
0.5268238 |
| odors |
0.4716850 |
| intentions |
0.3400562 |
| personality |
0.2810219 |
| morality |
0.2767068 |
| thoughts |
0.2744226 |
| emo_recog |
0.2475554 |
| self_aware |
0.2066225 |
| computations |
0.2058084 |
| calm |
0.2054790 |
| self_restraint |
0.1837816 |
| conscious |
0.1796148 |
| free_will |
0.1613377 |
| desires |
0.1601078 |
| safe |
0.1492822 |
| fear |
0.0891959 |
| happy |
0.0769024 |
| pleasure |
0.0686854 |
| pain |
0.0462202 |
| tired |
0.0435106 |
| joy |
0.0427298 |
| love |
0.0412117 |
| angry |
0.0291800 |
| beliefs |
0.0225511 |
| nauseated |
0.0139352 |
| hungry |
0.0056931 |
| pride |
-0.0672287 |
| disrespected |
-0.0675821 |
| depressed |
-0.0720569 |
| guilt |
-0.0744155 |
| embarrassed |
-0.1246714 |
Confirmatory factor analysis
CFA: All conditions
ModelDD: Data-driven, three factors (MR1, MR2, MR3; see Study 1)
## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds
## Warning in lav_samplestats_from_data(lavdata = lavdata, missing = lavoptions$missing, : lavaan WARNING: number of observations (400) too small to compute Gamma
## lavaan (0.5-20) converged normally after 84 iterations
##
## Number of observations 400
##
## Estimator DWLS Robust
## Minimum Function Test Statistic 4334.760 4162.746
## Degrees of freedom 737 737
## P-value (Chi-square) 0.000 0.000
## Scaling correction factor 1.187
## Shift parameter 511.646
## for simple second-order correction (Mplus variant)
##
## Model test baseline model:
##
## Minimum Function Test Statistic 56838.007 7970.197
## Degrees of freedom 780 780
## P-value 0.000 0.000
##
## User model versus baseline model:
##
## Comparative Fit Index (CFI) 0.936 0.524
## Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) 0.932 0.496
##
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
##
## RMSEA 0.111 0.108
## 90 Percent Confidence Interval 0.107 0.114 0.105 0.111
## P-value RMSEA <= 0.05 0.000 0.000
##
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
##
## SRMR 0.111 0.111
##
## Parameter Estimates:
##
## Information Expected
## Standard Errors Robust.sem
##
## Latent Variables:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## MR1 =~
## embarrassed 1.000
## pride 1.433 0.126 11.417 0.000
## guilt 1.074 0.118 9.112 0.000
## love 1.872 0.191 9.801 0.000
## disrespected 1.133 0.123 9.206 0.000
## depressed 1.432 0.149 9.612 0.000
## beliefs 1.007 0.126 7.964 0.000
## emo_recog 1.350 0.144 9.361 0.000
## joy 2.129 0.207 10.291 0.000
## personality 1.797 0.174 10.326 0.000
## happy 2.204 0.213 10.343 0.000
## morality 0.909 0.125 7.273 0.000
## angry 2.177 0.218 9.997 0.000
## self_restraint 1.541 0.189 8.139 0.000
## thoughts 2.365 0.244 9.696 0.000
## self_aware 2.131 0.219 9.718 0.000
## MR2 =~
## hungry 1.000
## pain 0.970 0.031 31.622 0.000
## tired 0.978 0.032 30.786 0.000
## fear 0.969 0.033 29.628 0.000
## pleasure 0.893 0.037 23.821 0.000
## conscious 0.970 0.035 27.472 0.000
## free_will 0.923 0.041 22.549 0.000
## safe 0.859 0.038 22.668 0.000
## desires 0.910 0.036 25.494 0.000
## calm 0.859 0.039 22.212 0.000
## nauseated 0.749 0.039 19.094 0.000
## odors 0.574 0.041 14.160 0.000
## intentions 0.783 0.041 19.327 0.000
## MR3 =~
## remembering 1.000
## temperature 1.587 0.277 5.724 0.000
## recognizing 0.967 0.183 5.288 0.000
## seeing 1.426 0.252 5.665 0.000
## communicating 0.928 0.190 4.898 0.000
## sounds 1.027 0.196 5.238 0.000
## depth 1.543 0.261 5.914 0.000
## goal 1.809 0.297 6.090 0.000
## choices 2.063 0.343 6.015 0.000
## reasoning 1.453 0.237 6.137 0.000
## computations -1.990 0.464 -4.292 0.000
##
## Covariances:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## MR1 ~~
## MR2 1.330 0.156 8.511 0.000
## MR3 0.338 0.076 4.454 0.000
## MR2 ~~
## MR3 0.974 0.180 5.412 0.000
##
## Intercepts:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## embarrassed -2.385 0.064 -37.134 0.000
## pride -2.080 0.079 -26.225 0.000
## guilt -2.365 0.064 -36.823 0.000
## love -1.893 0.087 -21.633 0.000
## disrespected -2.295 0.067 -34.337 0.000
## depressed -2.167 0.073 -29.598 0.000
## beliefs -2.167 0.072 -30.242 0.000
## emo_recog -1.720 0.086 -19.956 0.000
## joy -1.665 0.094 -17.786 0.000
## personality -1.210 0.098 -12.285 0.000
## happy -1.630 0.095 -17.203 0.000
## morality -1.677 0.089 -18.936 0.000
## angry -1.577 0.099 -15.969 0.000
## self_restraint -1.472 0.096 -15.305 0.000
## thoughts -1.002 0.106 -9.473 0.000
## self_aware -1.107 0.106 -10.449 0.000
## hungry -0.155 0.138 -1.119 0.263
## pain -0.515 0.129 -3.999 0.000
## tired -0.730 0.123 -5.915 0.000
## fear -0.835 0.120 -6.948 0.000
## pleasure -1.215 0.108 -11.285 0.000
## conscious -0.718 0.121 -5.927 0.000
## free_will -0.950 0.117 -8.116 0.000
## safe -0.815 0.113 -7.182 0.000
## desires -1.042 0.109 -9.588 0.000
## calm -1.085 0.108 -10.013 0.000
## nauseated -1.585 0.099 -16.068 0.000
## odors 0.632 0.112 5.642 0.000
## intentions -0.432 0.114 -3.809 0.000
## remembering 0.652 0.103 6.306 0.000
## temperature 1.290 0.100 12.850 0.000
## recognizing 0.110 0.107 1.028 0.304
## seeing 1.570 0.096 16.349 0.000
## communicating 0.797 0.101 7.919 0.000
## sounds 1.785 0.084 21.173 0.000
## depth 0.662 0.103 6.458 0.000
## goal 0.795 0.109 7.286 0.000
## choices 0.710 0.104 6.838 0.000
## reasoning -0.642 0.104 -6.157 0.000
## computations 0.033 0.136 0.239 0.811
## MR1 0.000
## MR2 0.000
## MR3 0.000
##
## Variances:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## embarrassed 1.036 0.122 8.463 0.000
## pride 1.257 0.147 8.535 0.000
## guilt 0.942 0.099 9.485 0.000
## love 0.915 0.111 8.244 0.000
## disrespected 1.000 0.104 9.622 0.000
## depressed 0.890 0.111 7.986 0.000
## beliefs 1.431 0.153 9.346 0.000
## emo_recog 1.852 0.177 10.440 0.000
## joy 0.732 0.100 7.360 0.000
## personality 1.901 0.187 10.149 0.000
## happy 0.618 0.103 6.006 0.000
## morality 2.627 0.236 11.143 0.000
## angry 1.004 0.125 8.015 0.000
## self_restraint 2.245 0.231 9.731 0.000
## thoughts 1.056 0.152 6.947 0.000
## self_aware 1.712 0.191 8.981 0.000
## hungry 3.132 0.258 12.153 0.000
## pain 2.367 0.269 8.802 0.000
## tired 1.756 0.198 8.868 0.000
## fear 1.519 0.176 8.631 0.000
## pleasure 1.023 0.132 7.769 0.000
## conscious 1.592 0.192 8.277 0.000
## free_will 1.619 0.216 7.502 0.000
## safe 1.806 0.215 8.384 0.000
## desires 0.976 0.128 7.608 0.000
## calm 1.351 0.181 7.482 0.000
## nauseated 1.345 0.140 9.626 0.000
## odors 3.525 0.200 17.666 0.000
## intentions 2.371 0.216 10.958 0.000
## remembering 3.722 0.212 17.575 0.000
## temperature 2.634 0.223 11.832 0.000
## recognizing 4.049 0.208 19.506 0.000
## seeing 2.560 0.210 12.204 0.000
## communicating 3.572 0.217 16.470 0.000
## sounds 2.255 0.184 12.254 0.000
## depth 2.887 0.231 12.473 0.000
## goal 2.947 0.263 11.213 0.000
## choices 1.957 0.240 8.154 0.000
## reasoning 3.183 0.259 12.298 0.000
## computations 5.213 0.533 9.783 0.000
## MR1 0.610 0.132 4.634 0.000
## MR2 4.518 0.290 15.562 0.000
## MR3 0.551 0.181 3.047 0.002
ModelWDM: Theoretical, three factors (AFFECT, AUTONOMY, PERCEPTION; see Weisman et al., 2015)
## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds
## lavaan (0.5-20) converged normally after 47 iterations
##
## Number of observations 400
##
## Estimator DWLS Robust
## Minimum Function Test Statistic 211.773 427.508
## Degrees of freedom 101 101
## P-value (Chi-square) 0.000 0.000
## Scaling correction factor 0.544
## Shift parameter 37.967
## for simple second-order correction (Mplus variant)
##
## Model test baseline model:
##
## Minimum Function Test Statistic 8503.466 2330.808
## Degrees of freedom 120 120
## P-value 0.000 0.000
##
## User model versus baseline model:
##
## Comparative Fit Index (CFI) 0.987 0.852
## Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) 0.984 0.825
##
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
##
## RMSEA 0.052 0.090
## 90 Percent Confidence Interval 0.043 0.062 0.081 0.099
## P-value RMSEA <= 0.05 0.331 0.000
##
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
##
## SRMR 0.062 0.062
##
## Parameter Estimates:
##
## Information Expected
## Standard Errors Robust.sem
##
## Latent Variables:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## affect =~
## happy 1.000
## depressed 0.610 0.043 14.127 0.000
## fear 1.220 0.057 21.328 0.000
## angry 0.989 0.043 23.101 0.000
## calm 1.128 0.049 23.079 0.000
## joy 0.960 0.032 29.929 0.000
## perception =~
## sounds 1.000
## seeing 1.257 0.132 9.537 0.000
## temperature 1.463 0.150 9.720 0.000
## odors 1.831 0.201 9.111 0.000
## depth 1.293 0.152 8.482 0.000
## autonomy =~
## free_will 1.000
## choices 0.634 0.049 12.933 0.000
## self_restraint 0.601 0.044 13.658 0.000
## intentions 0.898 0.046 19.372 0.000
## goal 0.562 0.053 10.525 0.000
##
## Covariances:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## affect ~~
## perception 0.785 0.117 6.713 0.000
## autonomy 2.681 0.218 12.305 0.000
## perception ~~
## autonomy 1.219 0.164 7.414 0.000
##
## Intercepts:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## happy -1.630 0.095 -17.203 0.000
## depressed -2.167 0.073 -29.598 0.000
## fear -0.835 0.120 -6.948 0.000
## angry -1.577 0.099 -15.969 0.000
## calm -1.085 0.108 -10.013 0.000
## joy -1.665 0.094 -17.786 0.000
## sounds 1.785 0.084 21.173 0.000
## seeing 1.570 0.096 16.349 0.000
## temperature 1.290 0.100 12.850 0.000
## odors 0.632 0.112 5.642 0.000
## depth 0.662 0.103 6.458 0.000
## free_will -0.950 0.117 -8.116 0.000
## choices 0.710 0.104 6.838 0.000
## self_restraint -1.472 0.096 -15.305 0.000
## intentions -0.432 0.114 -3.809 0.000
## goal 0.795 0.109 7.286 0.000
## affect 0.000
## perception 0.000
## autonomy 0.000
##
## Variances:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## happy 0.861 0.121 7.105 0.000
## depressed 1.128 0.140 8.054 0.000
## fear 1.711 0.221 7.731 0.000
## angry 1.231 0.126 9.754 0.000
## calm 1.224 0.167 7.335 0.000
## joy 0.989 0.117 8.473 0.000
## sounds 1.872 0.169 11.045 0.000
## seeing 2.155 0.216 9.975 0.000
## temperature 1.958 0.222 8.804 0.000
## odors 1.783 0.290 6.157 0.000
## depth 2.587 0.248 10.442 0.000
## free_will 1.812 0.229 7.901 0.000
## choices 2.831 0.181 15.672 0.000
## self_restraint 2.372 0.210 11.306 0.000
## intentions 2.197 0.207 10.618 0.000
## goal 3.598 0.214 16.820 0.000
## affect 2.721 0.251 10.826 0.000
## perception 0.964 0.198 4.871 0.000
## autonomy 3.654 0.295 12.385 0.000
ModelGGW: Theoretical, two factors (AGENCY, EXPERIENCE; see Gray et al., 2007)
## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds
## lavaan (0.5-20) converged normally after 53 iterations
##
## Number of observations 400
##
## Estimator DWLS Robust
## Minimum Function Test Statistic 959.777 1308.384
## Degrees of freedom 134 134
## P-value (Chi-square) 0.000 0.000
## Scaling correction factor 0.776
## Shift parameter 72.022
## for simple second-order correction (Mplus variant)
##
## Model test baseline model:
##
## Minimum Function Test Statistic 13458.568 3474.678
## Degrees of freedom 153 153
## P-value 0.000 0.000
##
## User model versus baseline model:
##
## Comparative Fit Index (CFI) 0.938 0.646
## Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) 0.929 0.596
##
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
##
## RMSEA 0.124 0.148
## 90 Percent Confidence Interval 0.117 0.132 0.141 0.156
## P-value RMSEA <= 0.05 0.000 0.000
##
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
##
## SRMR 0.117 0.117
##
## Parameter Estimates:
##
## Information Expected
## Standard Errors Robust.sem
##
## Latent Variables:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## experience =~
## hungry 1.000
## fear 0.987 0.036 27.716 0.000
## pain 0.985 0.034 28.817 0.000
## pleasure 0.924 0.041 22.783 0.000
## angry 0.794 0.045 17.647 0.000
## desires 0.933 0.038 24.254 0.000
## personality 0.616 0.047 13.050 0.000
## conscious 0.993 0.037 26.911 0.000
## pride 0.498 0.046 10.839 0.000
## embarrassed 0.354 0.041 8.527 0.000
## joy 0.767 0.044 17.554 0.000
## agency =~
## self_restraint 1.000
## morality 0.581 0.073 7.979 0.000
## remembering 0.412 0.086 4.759 0.000
## emo_recog 0.865 0.086 10.104 0.000
## goal 0.814 0.092 8.810 0.000
## communicating 0.404 0.083 4.886 0.000
## thoughts 1.557 0.127 12.253 0.000
##
## Covariances:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## experience ~~
## agency 1.939 0.189 10.269 0.000
##
## Intercepts:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## hungry -0.155 0.138 -1.119 0.263
## fear -0.835 0.120 -6.948 0.000
## pain -0.515 0.129 -3.999 0.000
## pleasure -1.215 0.108 -11.285 0.000
## angry -1.577 0.099 -15.969 0.000
## desires -1.042 0.109 -9.588 0.000
## personality -1.210 0.098 -12.285 0.000
## conscious -0.718 0.121 -5.927 0.000
## pride -2.080 0.079 -26.225 0.000
## embarrassed -2.385 0.064 -37.134 0.000
## joy -1.665 0.094 -17.786 0.000
## self_restraint -1.472 0.096 -15.305 0.000
## morality -1.677 0.089 -18.936 0.000
## remembering 0.652 0.103 6.306 0.000
## emo_recog -1.720 0.086 -19.956 0.000
## goal 0.795 0.109 7.286 0.000
## communicating 0.797 0.101 7.919 0.000
## thoughts -1.002 0.106 -9.473 0.000
## experience 0.000
## agency 0.000
##
## Variances:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## hungry 3.487 0.272 12.825 0.000
## fear 1.704 0.187 9.112 0.000
## pain 2.578 0.277 9.296 0.000
## pleasure 1.073 0.146 7.354 0.000
## angry 1.268 0.124 10.193 0.000
## desires 1.090 0.145 7.525 0.000
## personality 2.288 0.195 11.762 0.000
## conscious 1.741 0.198 8.802 0.000
## pride 1.476 0.164 8.978 0.000
## embarrassed 1.125 0.135 8.335 0.000
## joy 1.049 0.105 10.030 0.000
## self_restraint 1.939 0.234 8.281 0.000
## morality 2.539 0.235 10.801 0.000
## remembering 3.975 0.196 20.331 0.000
## emo_recog 1.650 0.185 8.904 0.000
## goal 3.588 0.218 16.465 0.000
## communicating 3.760 0.200 18.770 0.000
## thoughts 0.212 0.264 0.805 0.421
## experience 4.163 0.301 13.822 0.000
## agency 1.755 0.242 7.264 0.000
Study 4 (2016-01-14, 21 conditions, between-subjects)
Demographics
## Warning in mutate_impl(.data, dots): NAs introduced by coercion
Study 1: Exclusion
| 14 |
19 |
15 |
0 |
48 |
405 |
453 |
Study 4: Sample size
| adult |
21 |
| bear |
20 |
| beetle |
19 |
| bluejay |
20 |
| car |
23 |
| child |
20 |
| chimpanzee |
21 |
| computer |
22 |
| dog |
24 |
| dolphin |
22 |
| elephant |
21 |
| fetus |
20 |
| fish |
20 |
| frog |
21 |
| goat |
20 |
| infant |
19 |
| microbe |
20 |
| mouse |
18 |
| pvs |
21 |
| robot |
22 |
| stapler |
17 |
| all |
431 |
Study 4: Study duration (minutes)
| adult |
1.20 |
41.08 |
2.57 |
6.99 |
11.38 |
| bear |
1.65 |
8.07 |
3.53 |
3.84 |
1.78 |
| beetle |
1.40 |
4.70 |
2.78 |
2.82 |
0.92 |
| bluejay |
1.68 |
12.95 |
3.50 |
4.21 |
2.78 |
| car |
0.62 |
28.50 |
2.22 |
3.47 |
5.57 |
| child |
1.57 |
7.02 |
3.15 |
3.56 |
1.45 |
| chimpanzee |
2.08 |
5.88 |
3.48 |
3.61 |
1.31 |
| computer |
1.30 |
21.77 |
2.75 |
4.33 |
4.39 |
| dog |
1.80 |
7.97 |
2.79 |
3.11 |
1.59 |
| dolphin |
0.70 |
11.18 |
2.96 |
3.93 |
2.42 |
| elephant |
1.27 |
5.08 |
2.47 |
2.87 |
1.04 |
| fetus |
1.42 |
12.33 |
2.72 |
3.40 |
2.35 |
| fish |
1.35 |
7.97 |
3.37 |
3.40 |
1.65 |
| frog |
1.80 |
32.23 |
3.52 |
6.31 |
6.80 |
| goat |
1.63 |
9.17 |
3.38 |
4.20 |
2.57 |
| infant |
1.78 |
45.18 |
4.05 |
6.06 |
9.65 |
| microbe |
1.02 |
42.28 |
2.73 |
4.69 |
8.92 |
| mouse |
1.50 |
7.92 |
3.40 |
3.78 |
1.76 |
| pvs |
1.13 |
7.58 |
2.22 |
2.72 |
1.54 |
| robot |
1.72 |
22.15 |
3.38 |
4.43 |
4.24 |
| stapler |
1.17 |
13.17 |
1.67 |
2.92 |
2.86 |
| all |
0.62 |
45.18 |
2.88 |
4.03 |
4.76 |
## Joining by: c("condition", "min_age", "max_age", "median_age", "mean_age", "sd_age")
## Warning: joining character vector and factor, coercing into character
## vector
Study 4: Participant age (years; approximate)
| adult |
22 |
55 |
30.0 |
30.86 |
7.83 |
| bear |
20 |
64 |
35.5 |
35.75 |
11.74 |
| beetle |
21 |
45 |
30.0 |
30.37 |
5.22 |
| bluejay |
24 |
60 |
35.0 |
38.20 |
11.00 |
| car |
21 |
55 |
34.0 |
33.96 |
9.47 |
| child |
22 |
68 |
33.5 |
36.25 |
12.13 |
| chimpanzee |
22 |
57 |
35.0 |
36.48 |
10.88 |
| computer |
23 |
59 |
34.0 |
35.14 |
11.15 |
| dog |
19 |
61 |
30.5 |
33.42 |
11.10 |
| dolphin |
24 |
65 |
33.5 |
37.82 |
11.74 |
| elephant |
22 |
66 |
34.0 |
40.24 |
13.51 |
| fetus |
21 |
70 |
31.0 |
34.30 |
10.85 |
| fish |
21 |
66 |
33.5 |
36.65 |
12.77 |
| frog |
24 |
60 |
34.0 |
36.86 |
9.66 |
| goat |
18 |
64 |
30.0 |
34.90 |
12.93 |
| infant |
22 |
54 |
32.0 |
34.42 |
9.11 |
| microbe |
20 |
58 |
32.5 |
37.75 |
12.37 |
| mouse |
21 |
59 |
40.5 |
39.89 |
11.93 |
| pvs |
24 |
65 |
34.0 |
35.24 |
9.59 |
| robot |
23 |
59 |
40.5 |
41.91 |
11.27 |
| stapler |
22 |
70 |
34.0 |
36.41 |
12.08 |
| all |
18 |
70 |
34.0 |
36.03 |
11.11 |
Study 4: Participant gender
| adult |
16 |
5 |
0 |
| bear |
9 |
11 |
0 |
| beetle |
11 |
8 |
0 |
| bluejay |
5 |
15 |
0 |
| car |
12 |
11 |
0 |
| child |
10 |
9 |
1 |
| chimpanzee |
13 |
8 |
0 |
| computer |
11 |
11 |
0 |
| dog |
14 |
10 |
0 |
| dolphin |
12 |
10 |
0 |
| elephant |
7 |
14 |
0 |
| fetus |
13 |
7 |
0 |
| fish |
9 |
11 |
0 |
| frog |
12 |
9 |
0 |
| goat |
9 |
11 |
0 |
| infant |
12 |
6 |
1 |
| microbe |
11 |
9 |
0 |
| mouse |
8 |
9 |
1 |
| pvs |
11 |
10 |
0 |
| robot |
8 |
14 |
0 |
| stapler |
10 |
7 |
0 |
| all |
223 |
205 |
3 |
Study 4: Participant race/ethnicity
| adult |
1 |
1 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
14 |
| bear |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
16 |
| beetle |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
16 |
| bluejay |
0 |
0 |
1 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
15 |
| car |
2 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
17 |
| child |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
17 |
| chimpanzee |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
18 |
| computer |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
18 |
| dog |
2 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
19 |
| dolphin |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
16 |
| elephant |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
17 |
| fetus |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
13 |
| fish |
2 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
14 |
| frog |
2 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
15 |
| goat |
1 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
14 |
| infant |
1 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
14 |
| microbe |
2 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
0 |
1 |
13 |
| mouse |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
16 |
| pvs |
2 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
17 |
| robot |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
18 |
| stapler |
1 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
13 |
| all |
26 |
4 |
4 |
26 |
20 |
1 |
16 |
1 |
3 |
330 |
Study 4: Participant education
| adult |
0 |
1 |
5 |
0 |
7 |
3 |
5 |
0 |
| bear |
1 |
1 |
7 |
7 |
3 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
| beetle |
0 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
6 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
| bluejay |
0 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
9 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
| car |
1 |
0 |
7 |
4 |
7 |
1 |
3 |
0 |
| child |
0 |
1 |
6 |
1 |
7 |
1 |
3 |
1 |
| chimpanzee |
0 |
1 |
12 |
0 |
5 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
| computer |
0 |
2 |
6 |
2 |
9 |
1 |
2 |
0 |
| dog |
0 |
3 |
5 |
1 |
10 |
1 |
4 |
0 |
| dolphin |
0 |
4 |
4 |
3 |
6 |
3 |
2 |
0 |
| elephant |
0 |
2 |
5 |
3 |
7 |
0 |
4 |
0 |
| fetus |
0 |
2 |
9 |
4 |
4 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
| fish |
0 |
3 |
5 |
1 |
6 |
3 |
2 |
0 |
| frog |
0 |
2 |
7 |
1 |
7 |
1 |
3 |
0 |
| goat |
1 |
3 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
| infant |
0 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
8 |
0 |
3 |
2 |
| microbe |
0 |
4 |
3 |
2 |
9 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
| mouse |
0 |
1 |
5 |
2 |
7 |
0 |
3 |
0 |
| pvs |
0 |
1 |
4 |
3 |
9 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
| robot |
0 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
10 |
1 |
3 |
0 |
| stapler |
0 |
0 |
5 |
2 |
5 |
0 |
5 |
0 |
| all |
3 |
41 |
111 |
51 |
146 |
23 |
51 |
5 |
Exploratory factor analysis
EFA: ALL conditions
Step 2: Run EFA without rotation
## Warning in cor.smooth(mat): Matrix was not positive definite, smoothing was
## done
## Factor Analysis using method = minres
## Call: fa(r = d4_all, nfactors = nfactors_d4_all, rotate = "none", fm = "minres",
## cor = "poly")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
## MR1 MR2 MR3 h2 u2 com
## happy 0.91 -0.08 -0.24 0.89 0.107 1.2
## depressed 0.88 0.09 -0.16 0.82 0.182 1.1
## fear 0.88 -0.36 -0.08 0.91 0.094 1.4
## angry 0.90 -0.09 -0.12 0.83 0.170 1.1
## calm 0.89 -0.19 -0.13 0.84 0.160 1.1
## sounds 0.78 -0.32 0.42 0.88 0.118 1.9
## seeing 0.84 -0.29 0.28 0.88 0.121 1.5
## temperature 0.71 -0.31 0.48 0.83 0.174 2.2
## odors 0.84 -0.24 0.19 0.80 0.200 1.3
## depth 0.77 0.03 0.41 0.75 0.246 1.5
## computations 0.29 0.78 0.44 0.89 0.114 1.9
## thoughts 0.88 -0.01 -0.10 0.79 0.207 1.0
## reasoning 0.80 0.36 0.19 0.80 0.201 1.5
## remembering 0.79 0.15 0.40 0.81 0.189 1.6
## beliefs 0.76 0.50 -0.19 0.87 0.128 1.9
## hungry 0.86 -0.45 -0.14 0.96 0.040 1.6
## tired 0.89 -0.36 -0.10 0.94 0.063 1.3
## pain 0.88 -0.41 -0.14 0.96 0.043 1.5
## nauseated 0.87 -0.17 -0.15 0.81 0.193 1.1
## safe 0.88 -0.21 -0.08 0.83 0.168 1.1
## love 0.88 0.01 -0.26 0.85 0.153 1.2
## recognizing 0.83 0.01 0.19 0.72 0.276 1.1
## communicating 0.79 -0.04 0.39 0.78 0.216 1.5
## guilt 0.84 0.37 -0.24 0.90 0.101 1.6
## disrespected 0.83 0.35 -0.17 0.84 0.156 1.4
## free_will 0.86 -0.06 -0.03 0.74 0.257 1.0
## choices 0.83 0.01 0.32 0.79 0.205 1.3
## self_restraint 0.82 0.35 0.07 0.80 0.195 1.4
## intentions 0.86 0.05 0.04 0.74 0.257 1.0
## goal 0.73 0.15 0.34 0.67 0.328 1.5
## conscious 0.86 -0.16 -0.04 0.78 0.224 1.1
## self_aware 0.82 0.22 -0.02 0.71 0.286 1.1
## desires 0.91 -0.11 -0.09 0.85 0.153 1.1
## embarrassed 0.81 0.41 -0.28 0.90 0.099 1.8
## emo_recog 0.83 0.30 -0.04 0.79 0.213 1.3
## joy 0.92 -0.07 -0.20 0.90 0.099 1.1
## morality 0.78 0.48 -0.06 0.84 0.158 1.7
## personality 0.92 0.00 -0.12 0.86 0.140 1.0
## pleasure 0.93 -0.20 -0.11 0.91 0.088 1.1
## pride 0.88 0.24 -0.18 0.87 0.131 1.2
##
## MR1 MR2 MR3
## SS loadings 28.05 3.21 2.09
## Proportion Var 0.70 0.08 0.05
## Cumulative Var 0.70 0.78 0.83
## Proportion Explained 0.84 0.10 0.06
## Cumulative Proportion 0.84 0.94 1.00
##
## Mean item complexity = 1.4
## Test of the hypothesis that 3 factors are sufficient.
##
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are 780 and the objective function was 110.45 with Chi Square of 45928.21
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 663 and the objective function was 48.75
##
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is 0.02
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is 0.03
##
## The harmonic number of observations is 431 with the empirical chi square 395.68 with prob < 1
## The total number of observations was 431 with MLE Chi Square = 20176.3 with prob < 0
##
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability = 0.489
## RMSEA index = 0.267 and the 90 % confidence intervals are 0.258 NA
## BIC = 16154.47
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 1
## Measures of factor score adequacy
## MR1 MR2 MR3
## Correlation of scores with factors 1 1 1
## Multiple R square of scores with factors 1 1 1
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores 1 1 1
Step 3: Run EFA with oblimin rotation
## Factor Analysis using method = minres
## Call: fa(r = d4_all, nfactors = nfactors_d4_all, rotate = "oblimin",
## fm = "minres")
## Standardized loadings (pattern matrix) based upon correlation matrix
## MR2 MR1 MR3 h2 u2 com
## happy 0.45 0.62 0.03 0.84 0.16 1.8
## depressed 0.61 0.33 0.05 0.71 0.29 1.6
## fear 0.05 0.74 0.25 0.86 0.14 1.2
## angry 0.39 0.52 0.15 0.76 0.24 2.0
## calm 0.25 0.64 0.18 0.79 0.21 1.5
## sounds -0.19 0.22 0.84 0.77 0.23 1.2
## seeing -0.12 0.36 0.71 0.79 0.21 1.5
## temperature -0.21 0.19 0.81 0.68 0.32 1.2
## odors 0.02 0.39 0.57 0.73 0.27 1.8
## depth 0.11 0.00 0.74 0.65 0.35 1.0
## computations 0.48 -0.72 0.48 0.58 0.42 2.6
## thoughts 0.42 0.42 0.19 0.72 0.28 2.4
## reasoning 0.59 -0.15 0.43 0.70 0.30 2.0
## remembering 0.22 -0.07 0.75 0.73 0.27 1.2
## beliefs 0.90 -0.05 -0.04 0.73 0.27 1.0
## hungry -0.05 0.79 0.23 0.83 0.17 1.2
## tired 0.07 0.77 0.23 0.90 0.10 1.2
## pain -0.01 0.81 0.21 0.88 0.12 1.1
## nauseated 0.33 0.58 0.10 0.72 0.28 1.7
## safe 0.21 0.61 0.23 0.78 0.22 1.5
## love 0.56 0.51 -0.03 0.78 0.22 2.0
## recognizing 0.22 0.17 0.57 0.68 0.32 1.5
## communicating 0.08 0.06 0.76 0.71 0.29 1.0
## guilt 0.89 0.08 -0.07 0.79 0.21 1.0
## disrespected 0.82 0.07 0.01 0.73 0.27 1.0
## free_will 0.31 0.41 0.28 0.67 0.33 2.7
## choices 0.17 0.09 0.69 0.72 0.28 1.2
## self_restraint 0.67 -0.04 0.28 0.69 0.31 1.3
## intentions 0.37 0.26 0.36 0.65 0.35 2.8
## goal 0.26 -0.05 0.59 0.55 0.45 1.4
## conscious 0.24 0.50 0.27 0.69 0.31 2.0
## self_aware 0.54 0.15 0.24 0.62 0.38 1.6
## desires 0.35 0.53 0.20 0.78 0.22 2.1
## embarrassed 0.90 0.07 -0.12 0.76 0.24 1.0
## emo_recog 0.71 0.07 0.16 0.71 0.29 1.1
## joy 0.48 0.57 0.06 0.84 0.16 2.0
## morality 0.83 -0.10 0.11 0.74 0.26 1.1
## personality 0.47 0.46 0.17 0.80 0.20 2.3
## pleasure 0.25 0.66 0.20 0.87 0.13 1.5
## pride 0.76 0.22 0.01 0.77 0.23 1.2
##
## MR2 MR1 MR3
## SS loadings 11.04 9.91 8.74
## Proportion Var 0.28 0.25 0.22
## Cumulative Var 0.28 0.52 0.74
## Proportion Explained 0.37 0.33 0.29
## Cumulative Proportion 0.37 0.71 1.00
##
## With factor correlations of
## MR2 MR1 MR3
## MR2 1.00 0.41 0.55
## MR1 0.41 1.00 0.53
## MR3 0.55 0.53 1.00
##
## Mean item complexity = 1.6
## Test of the hypothesis that 3 factors are sufficient.
##
## The degrees of freedom for the null model are 780 and the objective function was 52.07 with Chi Square of 21651.8
## The degrees of freedom for the model are 663 and the objective function was 5.43
##
## The root mean square of the residuals (RMSR) is 0.02
## The df corrected root mean square of the residuals is 0.03
##
## The harmonic number of observations is 431 with the empirical chi square 412.62 with prob < 1
## The total number of observations was 431 with MLE Chi Square = 2246.7 with prob < 5.9e-171
##
## Tucker Lewis Index of factoring reliability = 0.91
## RMSEA index = 0.077 and the 90 % confidence intervals are 0.071 0.078
## BIC = -1775.13
## Fit based upon off diagonal values = 1
## Measures of factor score adequacy
## MR2 MR1 MR3
## Correlation of scores with factors 0.98 0.99 0.98
## Multiple R square of scores with factors 0.97 0.97 0.95
## Minimum correlation of possible factor scores 0.94 0.94 0.91
Factor 1
Study 4, ALL conditions: Rotated Factor 1
| embarrassed |
0.9018816 |
| beliefs |
0.8968680 |
| guilt |
0.8901290 |
| morality |
0.8342636 |
| disrespected |
0.8198717 |
| pride |
0.7632293 |
| emo_recog |
0.7145727 |
| self_restraint |
0.6669838 |
| depressed |
0.6121355 |
| reasoning |
0.5933422 |
| love |
0.5649503 |
| self_aware |
0.5413943 |
| computations |
0.4784656 |
| joy |
0.4769566 |
| personality |
0.4679081 |
| happy |
0.4495767 |
| thoughts |
0.4249871 |
| angry |
0.3924566 |
| intentions |
0.3659627 |
| desires |
0.3514439 |
| nauseated |
0.3307287 |
| free_will |
0.3128684 |
| goal |
0.2580309 |
| calm |
0.2485633 |
| pleasure |
0.2461668 |
| conscious |
0.2420620 |
| recognizing |
0.2227127 |
| remembering |
0.2172967 |
| safe |
0.2117204 |
| choices |
0.1735503 |
| depth |
0.1122530 |
| communicating |
0.0848394 |
| tired |
0.0654121 |
| fear |
0.0517524 |
| odors |
0.0156964 |
| pain |
-0.0058140 |
| hungry |
-0.0451910 |
| seeing |
-0.1164145 |
| sounds |
-0.1932636 |
| temperature |
-0.2062295 |
Factor 2
Study 4, ALL conditions: Rotated Factor 2
| pain |
0.8113911 |
| hungry |
0.7932834 |
| tired |
0.7738048 |
| fear |
0.7411343 |
| pleasure |
0.6615801 |
| calm |
0.6355742 |
| happy |
0.6169317 |
| safe |
0.6101309 |
| nauseated |
0.5822653 |
| joy |
0.5668870 |
| desires |
0.5272103 |
| angry |
0.5216222 |
| love |
0.5092261 |
| conscious |
0.4967620 |
| personality |
0.4557715 |
| thoughts |
0.4219388 |
| free_will |
0.4130935 |
| odors |
0.3894383 |
| seeing |
0.3558002 |
| depressed |
0.3294201 |
| intentions |
0.2595619 |
| sounds |
0.2187783 |
| pride |
0.2170787 |
| temperature |
0.1885972 |
| recognizing |
0.1714859 |
| self_aware |
0.1496946 |
| choices |
0.0868195 |
| guilt |
0.0836874 |
| embarrassed |
0.0746788 |
| disrespected |
0.0655174 |
| emo_recog |
0.0651278 |
| communicating |
0.0580091 |
| depth |
-0.0010363 |
| self_restraint |
-0.0422123 |
| goal |
-0.0486536 |
| beliefs |
-0.0511137 |
| remembering |
-0.0672345 |
| morality |
-0.1044385 |
| reasoning |
-0.1545878 |
| computations |
-0.7202885 |
Factor 3
Study 4, ALL conditions: Rotated Factor 3
| sounds |
0.8369067 |
| temperature |
0.8106029 |
| communicating |
0.7600327 |
| remembering |
0.7534883 |
| depth |
0.7368329 |
| seeing |
0.7106448 |
| choices |
0.6902574 |
| goal |
0.5918000 |
| recognizing |
0.5711083 |
| odors |
0.5695787 |
| computations |
0.4784963 |
| reasoning |
0.4331923 |
| intentions |
0.3611253 |
| self_restraint |
0.2784143 |
| free_will |
0.2781228 |
| conscious |
0.2670766 |
| fear |
0.2544704 |
| self_aware |
0.2415665 |
| hungry |
0.2290513 |
| safe |
0.2286487 |
| tired |
0.2265862 |
| pain |
0.2082285 |
| pleasure |
0.2039622 |
| desires |
0.1951531 |
| thoughts |
0.1913144 |
| calm |
0.1756957 |
| personality |
0.1693344 |
| emo_recog |
0.1572589 |
| angry |
0.1501175 |
| morality |
0.1108815 |
| nauseated |
0.1028601 |
| joy |
0.0555248 |
| depressed |
0.0520425 |
| happy |
0.0255363 |
| pride |
0.0076356 |
| disrespected |
0.0057781 |
| love |
-0.0306122 |
| beliefs |
-0.0419920 |
| guilt |
-0.0698411 |
| embarrassed |
-0.1159230 |
Confirmatory factor analysis
CFA: ALL conditions
ModelDD: Data-driven, three factors (MR1, MR2, MR3; see Study 1)
## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds
## Warning in lav_samplestats_from_data(lavdata = lavdata, missing = lavoptions$missing, : lavaan WARNING: number of observations (431) too small to compute Gamma
## lavaan (0.5-20) converged normally after 100 iterations
##
## Number of observations 431
##
## Estimator DWLS Robust
## Minimum Function Test Statistic 2268.230 3568.271
## Degrees of freedom 737 737
## P-value (Chi-square) 0.000 0.000
## Scaling correction factor 0.745
## Shift parameter 525.117
## for simple second-order correction (Mplus variant)
##
## Model test baseline model:
##
## Minimum Function Test Statistic 161065.817 14049.679
## Degrees of freedom 780 780
## P-value 0.000 0.000
##
## User model versus baseline model:
##
## Comparative Fit Index (CFI) 0.990 0.787
## Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) 0.990 0.774
##
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
##
## RMSEA 0.070 0.095
## 90 Percent Confidence Interval 0.066 0.073 0.091 0.098
## P-value RMSEA <= 0.05 0.000 0.000
##
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
##
## SRMR 0.080 0.080
##
## Parameter Estimates:
##
## Information Expected
## Standard Errors Robust.sem
##
## Latent Variables:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## MR1 =~
## embarrassed 1.000
## pride 1.293 0.061 21.072 0.000
## guilt 1.061 0.038 27.834 0.000
## love 1.513 0.082 18.523 0.000
## disrespected 1.069 0.045 23.695 0.000
## depressed 1.416 0.069 20.563 0.000
## beliefs 0.889 0.044 20.344 0.000
## emo_recog 1.126 0.055 20.488 0.000
## joy 1.690 0.097 17.463 0.000
## personality 1.619 0.094 17.226 0.000
## happy 1.666 0.095 17.557 0.000
## morality 0.977 0.051 19.183 0.000
## angry 1.625 0.093 17.479 0.000
## self_restraint 1.104 0.061 18.242 0.000
## thoughts 1.498 0.086 17.452 0.000
## self_aware 1.250 0.074 17.006 0.000
## MR2 =~
## hungry 1.000
## pain 1.040 0.028 36.697 0.000
## tired 1.098 0.029 37.370 0.000
## fear 1.078 0.029 36.613 0.000
## pleasure 1.145 0.038 30.334 0.000
## conscious 1.014 0.037 27.189 0.000
## free_will 0.953 0.038 25.262 0.000
## safe 1.036 0.037 28.193 0.000
## desires 1.073 0.040 26.863 0.000
## calm 1.036 0.037 28.383 0.000
## nauseated 1.031 0.041 25.364 0.000
## odors 0.948 0.036 26.383 0.000
## intentions 0.946 0.042 22.626 0.000
## MR3 =~
## remembering 1.000
## temperature 0.770 0.047 16.220 0.000
## recognizing 1.081 0.035 30.489 0.000
## seeing 1.105 0.046 23.867 0.000
## communicating 0.993 0.035 28.344 0.000
## sounds 0.868 0.043 20.258 0.000
## depth 0.959 0.041 23.488 0.000
## goal 0.894 0.044 20.206 0.000
## choices 1.079 0.040 26.757 0.000
## reasoning 0.872 0.042 20.802 0.000
## computations 0.275 0.058 4.755 0.000
##
## Covariances:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## MR1 ~~
## MR2 2.422 0.181 13.368 0.000
## MR3 1.985 0.171 11.583 0.000
## MR2 ~~
## MR3 3.122 0.214 14.592 0.000
##
## Intercepts:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## embarrassed -1.638 0.095 -17.311 0.000
## pride -1.142 0.102 -11.138 0.000
## guilt -1.564 0.095 -16.524 0.000
## love -0.483 0.112 -4.327 0.000
## disrespected -1.503 0.096 -15.663 0.000
## depressed -0.854 0.110 -7.734 0.000
## beliefs -1.673 0.090 -18.605 0.000
## emo_recog -1.137 0.094 -12.120 0.000
## joy -0.200 0.118 -1.694 0.090
## personality -0.151 0.114 -1.328 0.184
## happy -0.111 0.117 -0.951 0.342
## morality -1.462 0.093 -15.747 0.000
## angry -0.202 0.117 -1.718 0.086
## self_restraint -1.195 0.095 -12.559 0.000
## thoughts -0.206 0.111 -1.863 0.062
## self_aware -0.684 0.103 -6.649 0.000
## hungry 1.137 0.121 9.382 0.000
## pain 0.958 0.121 7.934 0.000
## tired 0.610 0.120 5.074 0.000
## fear 0.561 0.120 4.679 0.000
## pleasure 0.197 0.119 1.656 0.098
## conscious 0.067 0.117 0.577 0.564
## free_will -0.265 0.110 -2.415 0.016
## safe 0.255 0.114 2.235 0.025
## desires -0.139 0.115 -1.207 0.228
## calm 0.128 0.113 1.126 0.260
## nauseated -0.197 0.118 -1.674 0.094
## odors 0.705 0.114 6.194 0.000
## intentions -0.295 0.110 -2.667 0.008
## remembering 0.271 0.106 2.557 0.011
## temperature 1.288 0.096 13.358 0.000
## recognizing 0.390 0.109 3.573 0.000
## seeing 1.037 0.115 8.982 0.000
## communicating 0.492 0.106 4.629 0.000
## sounds 1.420 0.101 14.063 0.000
## depth 0.093 0.108 0.855 0.392
## goal -0.332 0.107 -3.089 0.002
## choices 0.130 0.109 1.189 0.234
## reasoning -0.942 0.100 -9.454 0.000
## computations -1.329 0.102 -12.982 0.000
## MR1 0.000
## MR2 0.000
## MR3 0.000
##
## Variances:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## embarrassed 2.019 0.137 14.767 0.000
## pride 1.458 0.117 12.427 0.000
## guilt 1.789 0.115 15.499 0.000
## love 1.157 0.141 8.194 0.000
## disrespected 1.869 0.129 14.538 0.000
## depressed 1.569 0.149 10.542 0.000
## beliefs 2.028 0.144 14.133 0.000
## emo_recog 1.462 0.133 11.017 0.000
## joy 0.733 0.097 7.590 0.000
## personality 0.745 0.106 7.037 0.000
## happy 0.818 0.122 6.677 0.000
## morality 1.958 0.141 13.845 0.000
## angry 1.099 0.142 7.769 0.000
## self_restraint 1.662 0.130 12.768 0.000
## thoughts 1.171 0.135 8.670 0.000
## self_aware 1.694 0.149 11.402 0.000
## hungry 2.203 0.156 14.151 0.000
## pain 1.828 0.156 11.704 0.000
## tired 1.262 0.115 10.992 0.000
## fear 1.417 0.134 10.590 0.000
## pleasure 0.708 0.081 8.727 0.000
## conscious 1.612 0.167 9.638 0.000
## free_will 1.421 0.146 9.758 0.000
## safe 1.195 0.135 8.839 0.000
## desires 0.996 0.108 9.200 0.000
## calm 1.111 0.131 8.497 0.000
## nauseated 1.601 0.173 9.240 0.000
## odors 1.880 0.173 10.877 0.000
## intentions 1.575 0.173 9.096 0.000
## remembering 1.494 0.164 9.110 0.000
## temperature 2.012 0.156 12.871 0.000
## recognizing 1.205 0.160 7.515 0.000
## seeing 1.644 0.175 9.413 0.000
## communicating 1.553 0.153 10.165 0.000
## sounds 1.860 0.133 13.961 0.000
## depth 1.983 0.185 10.739 0.000
## goal 2.282 0.208 10.947 0.000
## choices 1.231 0.163 7.540 0.000
## reasoning 1.719 0.152 11.300 0.000
## computations 4.257 0.286 14.868 0.000
## MR1 1.831 0.221 8.279 0.000
## MR2 4.111 0.326 12.614 0.000
## MR3 3.351 0.239 14.012 0.000
## Warning in lav_data_full(data = data, group = group, group.label =
## group.label, : lavaan WARNING: unordered factor(s) with more than 2 levels
## detected in data: subid
## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds
## Warning in lav_samplestats_from_data(lavdata = lavdata, missing = lavoptions$missing, : lavaan WARNING: number of observations (431) too small to compute Gamma
## Loading required package: proto
ModelWDM: Theoretical, three factors (AFFECT, AUTONOMY, PERCEPTION; see Weisman et al., 2015)
## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds
## lavaan (0.5-20) converged normally after 53 iterations
##
## Number of observations 431
##
## Estimator DWLS Robust
## Minimum Function Test Statistic 167.167 484.302
## Degrees of freedom 101 101
## P-value (Chi-square) 0.000 0.000
## Scaling correction factor 0.380
## Shift parameter 44.514
## for simple second-order correction (Mplus variant)
##
## Model test baseline model:
##
## Minimum Function Test Statistic 26475.574 4970.083
## Degrees of freedom 120 120
## P-value 0.000 0.000
##
## User model versus baseline model:
##
## Comparative Fit Index (CFI) 0.997 0.921
## Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) 0.997 0.906
##
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
##
## RMSEA 0.039 0.094
## 90 Percent Confidence Interval 0.028 0.049 0.086 0.102
## P-value RMSEA <= 0.05 0.961 0.000
##
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
##
## SRMR 0.047 0.047
##
## Parameter Estimates:
##
## Information Expected
## Standard Errors Robust.sem
##
## Latent Variables:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## affect =~
## happy 1.000
## depressed 0.834 0.029 28.510 0.000
## fear 1.021 0.026 39.833 0.000
## angry 0.992 0.023 43.244 0.000
## calm 0.965 0.022 43.996 0.000
## joy 1.019 0.017 59.874 0.000
## perception =~
## sounds 1.000
## seeing 1.258 0.051 24.839 0.000
## temperature 0.899 0.046 19.518 0.000
## odors 1.258 0.057 22.103 0.000
## depth 1.062 0.055 19.209 0.000
## autonomy =~
## free_will 1.000
## choices 0.989 0.032 30.617 0.000
## self_restraint 0.726 0.035 20.839 0.000
## intentions 0.994 0.031 32.100 0.000
## goal 0.805 0.039 20.526 0.000
##
## Covariances:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## affect ~~
## perception 2.941 0.218 13.489 0.000
## autonomy 3.722 0.195 19.127 0.000
## perception ~~
## autonomy 2.837 0.207 13.676 0.000
##
## Intercepts:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## happy -0.111 0.117 -0.951 0.342
## depressed -0.854 0.110 -7.734 0.000
## fear 0.561 0.120 4.679 0.000
## angry -0.202 0.117 -1.718 0.086
## calm 0.128 0.113 1.126 0.260
## joy -0.200 0.118 -1.694 0.090
## sounds 1.420 0.101 14.063 0.000
## seeing 1.037 0.115 8.982 0.000
## temperature 1.288 0.096 13.358 0.000
## odors 0.705 0.114 6.194 0.000
## depth 0.093 0.108 0.855 0.392
## free_will -0.265 0.110 -2.415 0.016
## choices 0.130 0.109 1.189 0.234
## self_restraint -1.195 0.095 -12.559 0.000
## intentions -0.295 0.110 -2.667 0.008
## goal -0.332 0.107 -3.089 0.002
## affect 0.000
## perception 0.000
## autonomy 0.000
##
## Variances:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## happy 1.159 0.142 8.164 0.000
## depressed 1.945 0.162 12.002 0.000
## fear 1.251 0.134 9.351 0.000
## angry 1.271 0.153 8.310 0.000
## calm 1.112 0.137 8.124 0.000
## joy 1.044 0.118 8.848 0.000
## sounds 1.504 0.130 11.526 0.000
## seeing 1.178 0.145 8.114 0.000
## temperature 1.670 0.149 11.205 0.000
## odors 1.019 0.179 5.701 0.000
## depth 1.812 0.188 9.658 0.000
## free_will 1.290 0.156 8.275 0.000
## choices 1.347 0.155 8.694 0.000
## self_restraint 1.856 0.132 14.009 0.000
## intentions 1.431 0.167 8.572 0.000
## goal 2.457 0.207 11.883 0.000
## affect 4.741 0.218 21.705 0.000
## perception 2.880 0.295 9.749 0.000
## autonomy 3.868 0.227 17.025 0.000
## Warning in lav_data_full(data = data, group = group, group.label =
## group.label, : lavaan WARNING: unordered factor(s) with more than 2 levels
## detected in data: subid
## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds
ModelGGW: Theoretical, two factors (AGENCY, EXPERIENCE; see Gray et al., 2007)
## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds
## lavaan (0.5-20) converged normally after 55 iterations
##
## Number of observations 431
##
## Estimator DWLS Robust
## Minimum Function Test Statistic 460.466 1221.757
## Degrees of freedom 134 134
## P-value (Chi-square) 0.000 0.000
## Scaling correction factor 0.398
## Shift parameter 64.979
## for simple second-order correction (Mplus variant)
##
## Model test baseline model:
##
## Minimum Function Test Statistic 36256.367 6491.883
## Degrees of freedom 153 153
## P-value 0.000 0.000
##
## User model versus baseline model:
##
## Comparative Fit Index (CFI) 0.991 0.828
## Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) 0.990 0.804
##
## Root Mean Square Error of Approximation:
##
## RMSEA 0.075 0.137
## 90 Percent Confidence Interval 0.068 0.083 0.130 0.145
## P-value RMSEA <= 0.05 0.000 0.000
##
## Standardized Root Mean Square Residual:
##
## SRMR 0.074 0.074
##
## Parameter Estimates:
##
## Information Expected
## Standard Errors Robust.sem
##
## Latent Variables:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## experience =~
## hungry 1.000
## fear 1.082 0.030 35.914 0.000
## pain 1.042 0.029 35.935 0.000
## pleasure 1.157 0.040 29.073 0.000
## angry 1.095 0.044 24.763 0.000
## desires 1.090 0.042 25.812 0.000
## personality 1.091 0.045 24.026 0.000
## conscious 1.027 0.039 26.166 0.000
## pride 0.852 0.050 17.203 0.000
## embarrassed 0.655 0.050 13.000 0.000
## joy 1.136 0.045 25.034 0.000
## agency =~
## self_restraint 1.000
## morality 0.889 0.044 20.148 0.000
## remembering 1.131 0.064 17.698 0.000
## emo_recog 1.028 0.049 21.022 0.000
## goal 1.035 0.057 18.233 0.000
## communicating 1.135 0.068 16.719 0.000
## thoughts 1.413 0.070 20.161 0.000
##
## Covariances:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## experience ~~
## agency 2.599 0.182 14.270 0.000
##
## Intercepts:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## hungry 1.137 0.121 9.382 0.000
## fear 0.561 0.120 4.679 0.000
## pain 0.958 0.121 7.934 0.000
## pleasure 0.197 0.119 1.656 0.098
## angry -0.202 0.117 -1.718 0.086
## desires -0.139 0.115 -1.207 0.228
## personality -0.151 0.114 -1.328 0.184
## conscious 0.067 0.117 0.577 0.564
## pride -1.142 0.102 -11.138 0.000
## embarrassed -1.638 0.095 -17.311 0.000
## joy -0.200 0.118 -1.694 0.090
## self_restraint -1.195 0.095 -12.559 0.000
## morality -1.462 0.093 -15.747 0.000
## remembering 0.271 0.106 2.557 0.011
## emo_recog -1.137 0.094 -12.120 0.000
## goal -0.332 0.107 -3.089 0.002
## communicating 0.492 0.106 4.629 0.000
## thoughts -0.206 0.111 -1.863 0.062
## experience 0.000
## agency 0.000
##
## Variances:
## Estimate Std.Err Z-value P(>|z|)
## hungry 2.456 0.159 15.415 0.000
## fear 1.673 0.151 11.041 0.000
## pain 2.084 0.174 11.981 0.000
## pleasure 0.932 0.100 9.298 0.000
## angry 1.310 0.154 8.516 0.000
## desires 1.144 0.115 9.909 0.000
## personality 0.947 0.111 8.555 0.000
## conscious 1.773 0.172 10.328 0.000
## pride 1.720 0.127 13.561 0.000
## embarrassed 2.197 0.144 15.204 0.000
## joy 0.984 0.107 9.166 0.000
## self_restraint 1.671 0.132 12.624 0.000
## morality 1.951 0.143 13.674 0.000
## remembering 2.003 0.208 9.651 0.000
## emo_recog 1.436 0.140 10.240 0.000
## goal 2.583 0.220 11.741 0.000
## communicating 1.995 0.174 11.466 0.000
## thoughts 0.847 0.163 5.187 0.000
## experience 3.858 0.324 11.900 0.000
## agency 2.222 0.214 10.365 0.000
## Warning in lav_data_full(data = data, group = group, group.label =
## group.label, : lavaan WARNING: unordered factor(s) with more than 2 levels
## detected in data: subid
## Warning in lav_partable_check(lavpartable, categorical = categorical, warn
## = TRUE): lavaan WARNING: parameter table does not contain thresholds
